Fr. 135.60

Universities Under Dictatorship

English · Hardback

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Dictatorships destroy intellectual freedom, yet universities need it. How, then, can universities function under dictatorships, and what roles do they play? Are they more a support or a danger to the system? In this volume, leading experts from five countries explore the many dimensions of accommodation and conflict, control and independence, subservience and resistance that characterized the relationship of universities to dictatorial regimes in communist and fascist states during the twentieth century: Nazi Germany, Mussolini's Italy, Francoist Spain, Maoist China, the Soviet Union, and the Soviet bloc countries of Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, and Poland. Comparisons across these cases reveal that the higher-education policies of modern dictatorships were characterized by a basic conflict of aims. On the one hand, universities were supposed to propagate reigning ideology and serve as training grounds for a dependable elite. Consequently, university autonomy was restricted, research utilized for political legitimation, personnel policies subjected to political calculus, and many undesired scholars simply put out on the street. On the other hand, modern dictatorships needed well-educated scientists, physicians, teachers, and engineers for the implementation of their political, economic, and military agendas. Communist and fascist leaders thus confronted the basic question of whether universities should be seen primarily as producers of ideology and functionaries loyal to the party line or as places where indispensable knowledge was made available. Dictatorships that opted to subject universities to rigorous political control reduced their scholarly productivity. But if theinstitutes of higher learning were left with too much autonomy, there was a danger that they would go astray politically. Besides the editors, the contributors are Ruth Ben-Ghiat, Michael David-Fox, Jan Havranek, Ralph Jessen, Gyorgy Peteri, Miguel Angel Ruiz Carnicer, and Dou

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Product details

Assisted by John Connelly (Editor), Michael Gruttner (Editor), Michael Grüttner (Editor)
Publisher Penn St Univ Pr
 
Languages English
Product format Hardback
Released 01.11.2005
 
EAN 9780271026954
ISBN 978-0-271-02695-4
No. of pages 320
Dimensions 164 mm x 238 mm x 27 mm
Weight 596 g
Subjects Humanities, art, music > Education > Education system
Social sciences, law, business > Political science > Political theories and the history of ideas

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