Organic Chemistry As a Second Language: First Semester Topics

Klappentext Readers continue to turn to Klein's Organic Chemistry as a Second Language: First Semester Topics, 4th Edition because it enables them to better understand fundamental principles, solve problems, and focus on what they need to know to succeed. This edition explores the major principles in the field and explains why they are relevant. It is written in a way that clearly shows the patterns in organic chemistry so that readers can gain a deeper conceptual understanding of the material. Topics are presented clearly in an accessible writing style along with numerous hands-on problem solving exercises. Zusammenfassung Readers continue to turn to Klein's Organic Chemistry as a Second Language: First Semester Topics! 4th Edition because it enables them to better understand fundamental principles! solve problems! and focus on what they need to know to succeed. Inhaltsverzeichnis CHAPTER 1 BOND-LINE DRAWINGS 11.1 How to Read Bond-Line Drawings 11.2 How to Draw Bond-Line Drawings 51.3 Mistakes to Avoid 71.4 More Exercises 71.5 Identifying Formal Charges 91.6 Finding Lone Pairs that are Not Drawn 13CHAPTER 2 RESONANCE 182.1 What is Resonance? 182.2 Curved Arrows: The Tools for Drawing Resonance Structures 192.3 The Two Commandments 212.4 Drawing Good Arrows 242.5 Formal Charges in Resonance Structures 262.6 Drawing Resonance Structures--Step by Step 302.7 Drawing Resonance Structures--by Recognizing Patterns 342.8 Assessing the Relative Importance of Resonance Structures 43CHAPTER 3 ACID-BASE REACTIONS 493.1 Factor 1--What Atom is the Charge On? 503.2 Factor 2--Resonance 533.3 Factor 3--Induction 563.4 Factor 4--Orbitals 593.5 Ranking the Four Factors 603.6 Other Factors 633.7 Quantitative Measurement (pKa Values) 643.8 Predicting the Position of Equilibrium 653.9 Showing a Mechanism 66CHAPTER 4 GEOMETRY 694.1 Orbitals and Hybridization States 694.2 Geometry 724.3 Lone Pairs 76CHAPTER 5 NOMENCLATURE 775.1 Functional Group 785.2 Unsaturation 805.3 Naming the Parent Chain 815.4 Naming Substituents 845.5 Stereoisomerism 885.6 Numbering 905.7 Common Names 955.8 Going from a Name to a Structure 96CHAPTER 6 CONFORMATIONS 976.1 How to Draw a Newman Projection 986.2 Ranking the Stability of Newman Projections 1026.3 Drawing Chair Conformations 1056.4 Placing Groups On the Chair 1086.5 Ring Flipping 1126.6 Comparing the Stability of Chairs 1196.7 Don't Be Confused by the Nomenclature 122CHAPTER 7 CONFIGURATIONS 1237.1 Locating Stereocenters 1237.2 Determining the Configuration of a Stereocenter 1267.3 Nomenclature 1347.4 Drawing Enantiomers 1387.5 Diastereomers 1437.6 Meso Compounds 1447.7 Drawing Fischer Projections 1477.8 Optical Activity 152CHAPTER 8 MECHANISMS 1548.1 Introduction to Mechanisms 1548.2 Nucleophiles and Electrophiles 1548.3 Basicity vs. Nucleophilicity 1578.4 Arrow-Pushing Patterns for Ionic Mechanisms 1598.5 Carbocation Rearrangements 1648.6 Information Contained in a Mechanism 169CHAPTER 9 SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS 1739.1 The Mechanisms 1739.2 Factor 1--The Electrophile (Substrate) 1759.3 Factor 2--The Nucleophile 1789.4 Factor 3--The Leaving Group 1809.5 Factor 4--The Solvent 1839.6 Using All Four Factors 1859.7 Substitution Reactions Teach Us Some Important Lessons 186CHAPTER 10 ELIMINATION REACTIONS 18810.1 The E2 Mechanism 18810.2 The Regiochemical Outcome of an E2 Reaction 18910.3 The Stereochemical Outcome of an E2 Reaction 19110.4 The E1 Mechanism 19410.5 The Regiochemical Outcome of an E1 Reaction 19510.6 The Stereochemical Outcome of an E1 Reaction 19610.7 Substitution vs. Elimination 19610.8 Determining the Function of the Reagent 19710.9 Identifying the Mechanism(s) 19910.10 Predicting the Products 202CHAPTER 11 ADDITION REACTIONS 20611.1 Terminology Describing Regiochemistry 20611.2 Terminology Describi...

Product details

• Authors: Klein, David R Klein, David R. Klein
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Paperback / Softback
• Released: 29.02.2016
• EAN: 9781119110668
• ISBN: 978-1-119-11066-8
• No. of pages: 400
• Subject: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Chemistry > Organic chemistry