Water Sensitive City

Informationen zum Autor Gary Grant is a Chartered Environmentalist, Member of the Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management, an Academician at the Academy of Urbanism, Member of the All Party Parliamentary Committee on Biodiversity, thesis supervisor at the Bartlett Faculty of the Built Environment, University College London, Chair of the Judges of the Integrated Habitats Design Competition and Director of the Green Roof Consultancy Ltd. After graduating from Nottingham University in 1980 with a degree in Biology, he worked for the London Wildlife Trust (LWT), campaigning for and managing urban wildspace. He conceived the London Wildlife Garden Centre which won a RIBA/Times Award. Later he led the Wildlife in Docklands Project, a joint venture between the Wildfowl and Wetland Trust and LWT, which promoted nature as part of the redevelopment of London's Docklands. In the early 1990s he participated in the Royal Fine Art Commission's River Thames Study and worked on the Natural History Museum's Wildlife Garden. From the early 1990s he has designed green roofs, including the CUE Building at the Horniman Museum. Based in Hong Kong during the much of the 1990s, he worked on housing, tourism and infrastructure projects. In 2003, Gary wrote English Nature's Research Report on green roofs and followed that in 2006 with Green Roofs and Facades published by BRE Press. From 2006 to 2009 he was a Director of EDAW and then AECOM Design + Planning, where he worked on large scale planning projects including the London 2012 Olympic Park, the Bedford Valley River Park, the Whitehill-Bordon Eco Town, Education City, Qatar and Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi. Klappentext This book sets out apath for a sustainable relationship between cities and water and brings together theory, practical applicationand case studies.Water is essential forlife but is taken for granted. It's now becoming clear that the Victorianapproach to urban water will not solve problems associated with growingpopulation, migration of people to cities and climate change.The current use of waterby cities is unsustainable. Cities in particular need to change the existinglinear model of water consumption and use to a more circular one in order tosurvive. Aquifers all over the world, including some that have taken millionsof years to form, are predicted to dry up in the coming decades. Reservoirslike Lake Mead near Las Vegas, once believed to have permanently solved watersupply problems, are falling to dangerously low levels.In The Water Sensitive City, the author advocates a more thoughtful approachto urban water management, including for example, exponents of the WaterSensitive Urban Design (WSUD) approach in Australia and Low Impact Developmentin the US.This new approachinvolves reducing water consumption, harvesting rainwater, recycling rainwaterand adopting Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) where surface water is notsent straight to drains but is intercepted by features like green roofs, raingardens, swales and ponds. Thisconserves water, reduces flooding, cleans water - and therefore streams, riversand seas and is compatible with the greener city and green infrastructureagendas, developed by policy makers worldwide to make cities more liveable.Urban water managementcan no longer be left to the specialists; it must be addressed by today's designers(engineers, architects and landscape architects); urban planners and managers; aswell as by environmental managers and policymakers. Zusammenfassung This book advocates a more thoughtful approach to urban water management. The approach involves reducing water consumption, harvesting rainwater, recycling rainwater and adopting Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) where surface water is not sent straight to drains but is intercepted by features like green roofs, rain gardens, swales and ponds. Inhaltsverzeichnis About the Author xiii Ack...

List of contents

About the Author xiii
 
Acknowledgement xv
 
1. Water and Cities 1
 
The Molecule 1
 
Blue Planet 1
 
A Global Water Cycle 2
 
Terrain and Water 2
 
Seasons and Cycles 4
 
Variations in Rainfall 4
 
Changing Climates 5
 
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide 5
 
Fossil Fuels and Growth 6
 
The Ancients and Water 6
 
Dams 7
 
Limits 7
 
Sanitation 9
 
Pollution 9
 
Urban Drainage 10
 
Potable Water 12
 
Waste 12
 
Rainwater Harvesting 13
 
Recycling 14
 
Biodiversity 14
 
Restoration 15
 
The Future 16
 
Privatization and Regulation 16
 
Coordination and Cooperation 17
 
Towards a Better Future 18
 
2. A Brief History of Water Supply and Sanitation 19
 
Genesis 19
 
Bronze Age 20
 
The First Aqueducts 20
 
Nineveh 21
 
The Nile 21
 
The Minoans 22
 
Qanats 22
 
Pompeii 23
 
Byzantium 24
 
Yucatan 24
 
The Incas 25
 
Qi 26
 
Lijiang 26
 
Medieval and Early Modern Europe 26
 
Early Victorian Period 27
 
Germ Theory 27
 
The Great Stink 28
 
Modern Sewers and Sewage Treatment 28
 
Sewage Treatment Refined 29
 
Standards for Sewage Treatment 29
 
Birmingham Corporation Water Act 1892 30
 
Los Angeles and the Owens Valley 30
 
3. Demand 33
 
Basic Needs 33
 
Personal Consumption 34
 
Water Footprint 35
 
Dependency 36
 
China 36
 
Germany 36
 
India 37
 
Indonesia 37
 
Spain 38
 
United Kingdom 38
 
Water Footprint of Products 38
 
Meat 39
 
Vegetable Crops 39
 
Power Plants 40
 
Steel 41
 
Mining, Oil and Gas 42
 
When Will Water Consumption Peak? 42
 
4. Supply 43
 
The Roof of the World 43
 
Mountains 44
 
Forests 45
 
Reservoirs 46
 
Impacts of Dams 46
 
Lowland Rivers 47
 
Licensing Abstraction 48
 
Aquifers 48
 
Nitrate 49
 
Overabstraction 49
 
Desalination 50
 
Reverse Osmosis 50
 
Impacts of Desalination 51
 
High Cost of Desalination 51
 
Rainwater Harvesting 51
 
Pressure and Pumps 52
 
Pipework 52
 
Reliant on Rain 53
 
5. Climate Change and Water 55
 
Climate Changes 55
 
The Greenhouse Effect 55
 
Callendar 56
 
Keeling 57
 
Atmosphere and Oceans 57
 
Details of the Carbon Cycle 57
 
The IPCC 58
 
Stern and the Financial Crisis 58
 
400 ppm Breached 59
 
Two Degrees 59
 
Sea Level Rises 60
 
Coastal Cities 61
 
Warmer Seas 62
 
Ice 62
 
Feedback Loops 62
 
Ocean Chemistry 63
 
Snowmelt 63
 
Models and Projections 65
 
Summer Storms 66
 
Heat Waves 66
 
Drought 66
 
6. Microclimate 69
 
Climate 69
 
Microclimate 69
 
City Microclimates 70
 
Urban Heat?]Island Effect 70
 
Smog 70
 
Solving the Air?]Pollution Problem 71
 
Cooler Roofs 72
 
Living Walls 73
 
Trees Cool Streets 74
 
Parks 75
 
Quality of Green Space 75
 
Locating Trees 76
 
Water Bodies 76
 
Rivers 76
 
Heat?]Related De

Product details

• Authors: G Grant, Gary Grant, Grant Gary
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Paperback / Softback
• Released: 29.04.2016
• EAN: 9781118897669
• ISBN: 978-1-118-89766-9
• No. of pages: 240
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Technology > Structural and environmental engineering; Social sciences, law, business > Business > Economics; Umweltmanagement, Umweltforschung, nachhaltiges Bauen, Environmental Studies, Bauingenieur- u. Bauwesen, Civil Engineering & Construction, Environmental Management, Policy & Planning, Umweltmanagement, Politik u. -Planung, Allg. Bauingenieur- u. Bauwesen, Construction: Sustainability