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Excerpt from Select Treatises of S. Athanasius, Archbishop of Alexandria: In Controversy With the Arians, Translated, With Notes and Indices
Objections continued.
Whether is the Ingenerate one or two? Inconsistent in Arians to use an unscriptural word; necessary to define its meaning. Different senses of the word. If it means "without Father," there is but One Ingenerate; if "without beginning or creation," there are Two. Inconsistency of Asterius. "Ingenerate" is a title of God, not in contrast with the Son, but with creatures, as is "Almighty," or "Lord of powers." "Father" is the truer title, not only as Scriptural, but as implying a Son, and our adoption as sons.
Objections continued.
How the Word has free-will, yet without being alterable. He is unalterable because the Image of the Father; proved from texts.
Texts Explained; And First, Phil. II. 9, 10.
Various texts which are alleged against the Catholic doctrine; e.g. Phil. II. 9, 10. Whether the words "Wherefore God hath highly exalted" prove moral probation and advancement. Argued against, first, from the force of the word "Son," according to the Regula Fidei; which is inconsistent with such an interpretation. Next, the passage examined. Ecclesiastical sense of "highly exalted," and "gave," and "wherefore;" viz. as being spoken with reference to our Lord's manhood. Secondary sense; viz. as implying the Word's "exaltation" through the Resurrection in the same sense in which Scripture speaks of His descent in the Incarnation; how the phrase does not derogate from the Nature of the Word.
Texts Explained; Secondly, Psalm XIV. 7, 8.
Whether the words "therefore," "anointed," &c., imply that the Word has been rewarded. Argued against, first, from the word "fellows" i.e. "partakers." He is anointed with the Spirit in His manhood to sanctify human nature. Therefore the Spirit descended on Him in Jordan, when in the flesh. And for us He is said to sanctify Himself, and in order to give us the glory He has received. The word "wherefore," implies His divinity. "Thou hast loved righteousness," &c., do not imply trial or choice.
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