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The advent of digital technology and image processing in the 1970s has marked a new era of human machine interaction. Since then there has been a rapid development in the eye monitoring ?eld - a sub-area of intelligent human computer interaction - that brought up e?cient ways for computers to support and assist humans while engaging in non-trivial tasks. The p- pose of this book is to provide a comprehensive in-depth coverage of both theory and practice of Passive Eye Monitoring. Passive Eye Monitoring is the science of teaching computers to autom- ically determine, in digital video streams, the spatial location, pupil's act- ity, 3D gaze direction, movements and closure state of an individual's eye, in real-time. It gained a lot of attention as opposed to invasive eye monitoring techniques like Electro Oculography and Magnetic Search Coil. Thetheory and practice of passive eye monitoring have now reached a level of maturity where good results can be achieved for applications - in automotive, mi- tary, medicine, information security and retrieval, typing and reading, online search, marketing, augmented and virtual reality, and video games - that were certainly non realistic a few decades ago. For instance, this technology has the potential to allow a disabled person to compose electronic messages, browseand navigatethroughwebpages,interactwith consumer - electronics devices, and while steering an operating machine, this technology monitors his/her fatigue and distraction state and issues appropriate vigilance wa- ings.
List of contents
to Eye Monitoring.- to Eye Monitoring.- Low-Level Building-Blocks - Eye Region Modeling, Automatic Eye Position Detection, and Spatial Eye Position Tracking.- Meticulously Detailed Eye Region Model.- Advanced Off-Line Statistical Modeling of Eye and Non-Eye Patterns.- Automatic Eye Position Detection and Tracking Under Natural Facial Movement.- Mid-Level Building-Blocks - Gaze Calibration, Gaze & Eye Pose Tracking, and Eye Images Interpretation.- Simple-to-Calibrate Gaze Tracking Method.- Free Head Motion Eye Gaze Tracking Techniques.- Extraction of Visual Information from Images of Eyes.- Gaze-based Interactions.- Gaze-based Interaction.- Gaze-Contingent Volume Rendering.- A Temporal Multiresolution Pyramid for Gaze-Contingent: Manipulation of Natural Video.- Eye Monitoring in Military and Security Realms.- Measuring the Eyes for Military Applications.- Passive Eye Monitoring in Information Security.- Eye Monitoring in Automotive and Medicine.- Driver Cognitive Distraction Detection Using Eye Movements.- Alertometer: Detecting and Mitigating Driver Drowsiness and Fatigue Using an Integrated Human Factors and Computer Vision Approach.- Eye Monitoring Applications in Medicine.- Eye Monitoring in Information Retrieval and Interface Design Assessment.- Eye Monitoring in Online Search.- Studying Cognitive Processes in Computer Program Comprehension.- Eye Monitoring Studies on TV News and the Web Converge: A Tale of Two Screens.
Summary
The advent of digital technology and image processing in the 1970s has marked a new era of human machine interaction. Since then there has been a rapid development in the eye monitoring ?eld – a sub-area of intelligent human computer interaction – that brought up e?cient ways for computers to support and assist humans while engaging in non-trivial tasks. The p- pose of this book is to provide a comprehensive in-depth coverage of both theory and practice of Passive Eye Monitoring. Passive Eye Monitoring is the science of teaching computers to autom- ically determine, in digital video streams, the spatial location, pupil’s act- ity, 3D gaze direction, movements and closure state of an individual’s eye, in real-time. It gained a lot of attention as opposed to invasive eye monitoring techniques like Electro Oculography and Magnetic Search Coil. Thetheory and practice of passive eye monitoring have now reached a level of maturity where good results can be achieved for applications – in automotive, mi- tary, medicine, information security and retrieval, typing and reading, online search, marketing, augmented and virtual reality, and video games – that were certainly non realistic a few decades ago. For instance, this technology has the potential to allow a disabled person to compose electronic messages, browseand navigatethroughwebpages,interactwith consumer – electronics devices, and while steering an operating machine, this technology monitors his/her fatigue and distraction state and issues appropriate vigilance wa- ings.
