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Zusatztext Robert Klitzman has opened wide the door on the arcane world of institutional review boards (IRBs) and interviewed their members, chairpersons and administrators. He reports on what they think about their own power and performance and their influence on the conduct of research. Based on these perspectives, Klitzman makes the case that IRBs should be shifted to a more humanistic model that recognizes the complex psychological, social and cultural forces that influence their decisions. This is an important insight into this little understood but essential institution. Informationen zum Autor Robert Klitzman, MD, is a Professor of Clinical Psychiatry in the College of Physicians and Surgeons and the Joseph Mailman School of Public Health, and the Director of the Masters of Bioethics Program at Columbia University. He has conducted research and written about a variety of bioethical issues, and has authored or co-authored over 100 articles, and seven books, including Am I My Genes?: Confronting Fate and Family Secrets in the Age of Genetic Testing; When Doctors Become Patients; Mortal Secrets: Truth and Lies in the Age of AIDS; Being Positive; A Year-long Night: Tales of a Medical Internship; The Trembling Mountain: A Personal Account of Kuru, Cannibals, and Mad Cow Disease; and In a House of Dreams and Glass: Becoming a Psychiatrist. His work has appeared in JAMA, Science, and elsewhere, and also has written for the New York Times, Newsweek, The Nation, and other publications. Klappentext Studies on humans have saved countless lives, but sometimes harm participants. Research ethics committees currently monitor scientists, but have been increasingly criticized for blocking important research. How these committees work, however, is largely unknown. This book uniquely illuminates this hidden world that ultimately affects us all. Zusammenfassung Studies on humans have saved countless lives, but sometimes harm participants. Research ethics committees currently monitor scientists, but have been increasingly criticized for blocking important research. How these committees work, however, is largely unknown. This book uniquely illuminates this hidden world that ultimately affects us all. Inhaltsverzeichnis Part I: Introduction Chapter 1: Protecting the People We Experiment On Part II: Who IRBs Are Chapter 2: "Inside the Black Box": Becoming and Being IRB Members Part III: What IRBs Do: The Contents of IRB Decisions Chapter 3: Weighing Risks and Benefits and Undue Inducement Chapter 4: Defining Research and How Good It Needs To Be Chapter 5: What to Tell Subjects: Battles Over Consent Forms Chapter 6: From "Nitpicky" to "User-Friendly": Inter-IRB Variations and Their Causes Part IV: IRBs vs. Institutions: The Contexts of Decisions Chapter 7: Federal Agencies vs. Local IRBs Chapter 8: The Roles of Industry Chapter 9: The Local Ecologies of Institutions Part V: IRBs vs. Researchers Chapter 10: Trusting vs. Policing Researchers Chapter 11: Bad Behavior: Research Integrity Chapter 12: Researchers Abroad: Studies in the Developing World Part VI: The Future Chapter 13: Changing National Policies Chapter 14: Conclusions: Other Changes Appendices Appendix A: Additional Methodological Information Appendix B: Semi-Structured Interview Appendix C: List of Acronyms Acknowledgements ...
