Handbook of Road Ecology - A Practitioner's Guide to Impacts and Mitigation

This authoritative volume brings together some of the world's leading researchers, academics, practitioners and transportation agency personnel to present the current status of the ecological sustainability of the linear infrastructure - primarily road, rail and utility easements - that dissect and fragment landscapes globally. It outlines the potential impacts, demonstrates how this infrastructure is being improved, and how broad ecological principles are applied to mitigate the impact of road networks on wildlife.
 
Research and monitoring is an important aspect of road ecology, encompassing all phases of a transportation project. This book covers research and monitoring to span the entire project continuum - starting with planning and design, through construction and into maintenance and management. It focuses on impacts and solutions for species groups and specific regions, with particular emphasis on the unique challenges facing Asia, South America and Africa.
 
Other key features:
* Contributions from authors originating from over 25 countries, including from all continents
* Each chapter summarizes important lessons, and includes lists of further reading and thoroughly up to date references
* Highlights principles that address key points relevant to all phases in all road projects
* Explains best-practices based on a number of successful international case studies
* Chapters are "stand-alone", but they also build upon and complement each other; extensive cross-referencing directs the reader to relevant material elsewhere in the book
 
Handbook of Road Ecology offers a comprehensive summary of approximately 30 years of global efforts to quantify the impacts of roads and traffic and implement effective mitigation. As such, it is essential reading for those involved in the planning, design, assessment and construction of new roads; the management and maintenance of existing roads; and the modifying or retrofitting of existing roads and problem locations. This handbook is an accessible resource for both developed and developing countries, including government transportation agencies, Government environmental/conservation agencies, NGOs, and road funding and donor organisations.

List of contents

Notes on contributors ix
 
Foreword xx
Richard T. T. Forman
 
Preface xxii
 
About the companion website xxiv
 
1 The ecological effects of linear infrastructure and traffic: Challenges and opportunities of rapid global growth 1
Rodney van der Ree, Daniel J. Smith and Clara Grilo
 
2 Bad roads, good roads 10
William F. Laurance
 
3 Why keep areas road?]free? The importance of roadless areas 16
Nuria Selva, Adam Switalski, Stefan Kreft and Pierre L. Ibisch
 
4 Incorporating biodiversity issues into road design: The road agency perspective 27
Kevin Roberts and Anders Sjolund
 
5 Improving environmental impact assessment and road planning at the landscape scale 32
Jochen A. G. Jaeger
 
6 What transportation agencies need in environmental impact assessments and other reports to minimise ecological impacts 43
Josie Stokes
 
7 Principles underpinning biodiversity offsets and guidance on their use 51
Yung En Chee
 
8 Construction of roads and wildlife mitigation measures: Pitfalls and opportunities 60
Cameron Weller
 
9 Ensuring the completed road project is designed, built and operated as intended 65
Rodney van der Ree, Stephen Tonjes and Cameron Weller
 
10 Good science and experimentation are needed in road ecology 71
Rodney van der Ree, Jochen A. G. Jaeger, Trina Rytwinski and Edgar A. van der
 
Grift
 
11 Field methods to evaluate the impacts of roads on wildlife 82
Daniel J. Smith and Rodney van der Ree
 
12 Case study: A robust method to obtain defendable data on wildlife mortality 96
Eric Guinard, Roger Prodon and Christophe Barbraud
 
13 Road-wildlife mitigation planning can be improved by identifying the patterns and processes associated with wildlife-vehicle collisions 101
Kari Gunson and Fernanda Zimmermann Teixeira
 
14 Incorporating landscape genetics into road ecology 110
Paul Sunnucks and Niko Balkenhol
 
15 Guidelines for evaluating use of wildlife crossing structures 119
Edgar A. van der Grift and Rodney van der Ree
 
16 Guidelines for evaluating the effectiveness of road mitigation measures 129
Edgar A. van der Grift, Rodney van der Ree and Jochen A. G. Jaeger
 
17 How to maintain safe and effective mitigation measures 138
Rodney van der Ree and Stephen Tonjes
 
18 Understanding and mitigating the negative effects of road lighting on ecosystems 143
Bradley F. Blackwell, Travis L. DeVault and Thomas W. Seamans
 
19 Ecological impacts of road noise and options for mitigation 151
Kirsten M. Parris
 
20 Fencing: A valuable tool for reducing wildlife-vehicle collisions and funneling fauna to crossing structures 159
Rodney van der Ree, Jeffrey W. Gagnon and Daniel J. Smith
 
21 Wildlife crossing structures: An effective strategy to restore or maintain wildlife connectivity across roads 172
Daniel J. Smith, Rodney van der Ree and Carme Rosell
 
22 Recreational co?]use of wildlife crossing structures 184
Rodney van der Ree and Edgar A. van der Grift
 
23 Predator-prey interactions at wildlife crossing structures: Between myth and reality 190
Cristina Mata, Robert a Bencini, Brian K. Chambers and Juan E. Malo
 
24 Wildlife warning signs and animal detection systems aimed at reducing wildlife-vehicle collisions 198
Marcel P. Huijser, Christa Mosler?]Berger, Mattias Olsson and Mart in Strein
 
25 Use of reflectors and auditory deterrents to prevent wildlife-vehicle collisions 213
Gino D'Angelo and Rodney van der Ree
 
26 Ecological effects of railways on wildlife 219
Benjamin Dorsey, Mattias Olsson and Lisa J. Rew
 
27 Impacts of utility and other industrial linear corridors on wildlife 228
A. David M. Latham

About the author

About the Editors:

Associate Professor Rodney van der Ree has studied the impacts of human activities on biodiversity since the mid 1990s. His current focus includes urban ecology and road ecology, with a strong emphasis on improving research
and monitoring and ensuring evidence-based information contributes to the design and management of infrastructure. Rodney is currently the Deputy Director of the Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology at the Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne and The University of Melbourne. He was awarded the Graeme Caughley Travelling fellowship in 2014 to promote and enhance road ecology in developing countries.

Daniel Smith is a research associate and member of the graduate faculty in the Department of Biology at the University of Central Florida and a member of the National Academies Transportation Research Board Subcommittee on Ecology and Transportation. Dr. Smith has 20+ years of experience in the fields of ecology and environmental planning. His primary focus is studying movement patterns and habitat use of terrestrial vertebrates and integrating conservation, transportation and land-use planning. He received the 2014 land
conservation and planning award from the Florida Wildlife Federation for his outstanding contributions to sound use and management of Florida's natural resources.

Clara Grilo obtained her doctorate in Conservation Biology from the University of Lisbon (Portugal). Her primary
interest is applied ecological research in support of active conservation projects. Over the last years, much of her research has focused on the impact of anthropogenic changes to the landscape and effects on wildlife. Currently,
she is coordinating research projects on road ecology, namely the effects of roads on the abundance, spatial behavior, population genetic structure and risk of mortality on owls and mammals and the effectiveness of measures to reduce the negative effects of roads on wildlife.

Summary

Winner of the IENE Project Award 2016.

Product details

• Authors: Clara Grilo, Grilo Clara, Rodney van der Ree, Daniel Smith, Daniel J Smith, Daniel J. Smith, Smith Daniel J., Ree Van Der, Rodne van der Ree, Rodney van der Ree, Rodney Grilo Van Der Ree, Rodney Smith Van Der Ree
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 17.04.2015
• EAN: 9781118568187
• ISBN: 978-1-118-56818-7
• No. of pages: 552
• Dimensions: 200 mm x 254 mm x 25 mm
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Biology > Ecology; Ökologie, Strassenbau, Umweltmanagement, Umweltforschung, Angewandte Ökologie, Life Sciences, Biowissenschaften, Environmental Studies, Applied ecology, Bauingenieur- u. Bauwesen, Civil Engineering & Construction, Environmental Management, Policy & Planning, Umweltmanagement, Politik u. -Planung, Spezialthemen Bauingenieur- u. Bauwesen, Civil Engineering & Construction Special Topics