Environmental Microbiology 2nd Edition - From Genomes to Biogeochemistry

New and expanded for its second edition, Environmental Microbiology: From Genomes to Biogeochemistry, Second Edition, is a timely update to a classic text filled with ideas, connections, and concepts that advance an in-depth understanding of this growing segment of microbiology. Core principles are highlighted with an emphasis on the logic of the science and new methods-driven discoveries. Numerous up-to-date examples and applications boxes provide tangible reinforcement of material covered. Study questions at the end of each chapter require students to utilize analytical and quantitative approaches, to define and defend arguments, and to apply microbiological paradigms to their personal interests. Essay assignments and related readings stimulate student inquiry and serve as focal points for teachers to launch classroom discussions. A companion website with downloadable artwork and answers to study questions is also available. Environmental Microbiology: From Genomes to Biogeochemistry, Second Edition offers a coherent and comprehensive treatment of this dynamic, emerging field, building bridges between basic biology, evolution, genomics, ecology, biotechnology, climate change, and the environmental sciences.

• Builds on the First Edition with updates from the current literature and expanded references
• Establishes basic core concepts and integrates the many subdisciplines of environmental microbiology with a unified, single-author treatment
• Focuses on how information is generated and advanced in environmental microbiology - including methods, logic, and data interpretation
• New edition highlights the "omics" technology revolution in biology and its future impacts on environmental microbiology
• Emphasizes real-world habitats and the selective pressures experienced by naturally
• occurring microorganisms
• Covers state-of-the-art treatment of microbial diversity and "cultured" versus "non-cultured" microbial life
• Includes case studies and "Science and the Citizen" features, which tie issues in the public eye to the underlying science

List of contents

1. Significance and history of environmental microbiology 1.1 Core concepts can unify Environmental Microbiology 1.2 Synopsis of the significance of Environmental Microbiology 1.3 A brief history of Environmental Microbiology 1.4 Complexity of our world 1.5 Many disciplines and their integration 2. Formation of the Biosphere: Key biogeochemical and evolutionary events 2.1 Issues and methods in Earth History and evolution 2.2 Formation of early planet Earth 2.3 Did life reach Earth from Mars? 2.4 Plausible Stages in the development of early life 2.5 Mineral surfaces: the early iron-sulfur world can drive biosynthesis 2.6 Encapsulation: a key to cellular life 2.7 A plausible definition of the tree of life's "last universal common ancestor" 2.8 The rise of oxygen 2.9 Evidence for oxygen and cellular life in the sedimentary record 2.10 The evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis 2.11 The consequences of oxygenic photosynthesis: molecular oxygen in the atmosphere and large pools of organic carbon 2.12 Eukaryotic evolution: endosymbiotic theory and the blending of traits from Archaea and Bacteria 3. Physiological Ecology: Resource exploitation by Microorganisms 3.1 The cause of physiological diversity: diverse habitats provide selective pressures over evolutionary time 3.2 Biological and evolutionary insights from genomics 3.3 Fundamentals of nutrition: carbon- and energy-source utilization provide a foundation for physiological ecology 3.4 Selective pressures: ecosystem nutrient fluxes regulate the physiological status and composition of microbial communities 3.5 Cellular responses to starvation: resting stages, environmental sensing circuits, gene regulation, dormancy, and slow growth 3.6 A planet of complex mixtures in chemical disequilibrium 3.7 A thermodynamic hierarchy describing biosphere selective pressures, energy sources, and biogeochemical reactions 3.8 Using the thermodynamic hierarchy of half reactions to predict biogeochemical reactions in time and space 3.9 Overview of metabolism and the "logic of electron transport 310 The flow of carbon and electrons in anaerobic food chains: syntrophy is the rule 3.11 The diversity of lithotrophic reactions 4. A survey of the Earth's Microbial Habitats 4.1 Terrestrial biomes 4.2 Soils: Geographic features relevant to both vegetation and microorganisms 4.3 Aquatic habitats: freshwaters and oceans 4.4 Subsurface habitats: oceanic and terrestrial 4.5 Defining the prokaryotic biosphere; where do prokaryotes occur on Earth? 4.6 Life at the micron scale: An excursion into the microhabitat of soil microorganisms 4.7 Extreme habitats for life and microbiological adaptations 5. Microbial diversity: who is there and how do we know? 5.1 Defining cultured and uncultured microorganisms 5.2 Approaching a census: an introduction to the environmental microbiological "toolbox" 5.3 Criteria for census taking: recognition of distinctive microorganisms (species) 5.4 Proceeding toward census taking and measures of microbial diversity 5.5 The tree of life: Our view of evolution's blueprint for biological diversity 5.6 A sampling of key traits of cultured organisms from domains Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea 5.7 Placing the "uncultured majority" on the tree of life: what have nonculture-based investigations revealed? 5.8 Viruses: An overview of biology, ecology, and diversity 5.9 Microbial diversity illustrated by genomics, horizontal gene transfer, and cell size 6. Generating and interpreting information in environmental microbiology: Methods and their limitations 6.1 How do we know? 6.2 Perspectives: Testimonies from a century of scholars and enrichment-culturing procedures 6.3 Constraints on knowledge imposed by ecosystem complexity 6.4 Environmental microbiology's "Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle": model systems and their risks 6.5 Field work: Being sure sampling procedures are compatible with analyses and goals 6.6 Blending and balancing disciplines from field geochemistry to pure cultures 6.7 Overview of methods for determining the position and composition of microbial communities 6.8 Methods for determining in situ biogeochemical activities and when they occur 6.9 Metagenomics and related methods: procedures and insights 6.10 The "omics" technology revolution in biology and its future impacts on environmental microbiology 6.11 Discovering organisms responsible for ecological processes: linking identity with activity 7. Microbial Biogeochemistry: a grand synthesis 7.1 Mineral connections: the roles of inorganic elements in life processes 7.2 Greenhouse gases and lessons from biogeochemical modeling 7.3 The "stuff of life": Identifying the pools of biosphere materials whose microbiological transformations drive the biogeochemical cycles 7.4 Elemental biogeochemical cycles: concepts and physiological processes 7.5 Cellular mechanisms of microbial biogeochemical pathways 7.6 Mass-balance approaches to elemental cycles 8. Special and applied topics in environmental microbiology 8.1 Other organisms as microbial habitats: ecological relationships 8.2 Microbial residents of plants and humans 8.3 Biodegradation and bioremediation 8.4 Biofilms 8.5 Evolution of catabolic pathways for organic contaminants 8.6 Environmental Biotechnology: Overview and eight case studies 8.7 Antibiotic resistance 9. Future Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology 9.1 The influence of Systems Biology on Environmental Microbiology 9.2 Ecological niche and its genetic basis 9.3 Concepts help define future progress in Environmental Microbiology Glossary Index

About the author

About the Author Eugene L. Madsen is a Professor in the Department of Microbiology at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.

Summary

New and expanded for its second edition, Environmental Microbiology: From Genomes to Biogeochemistry, Second Edition, is a timely update to a classic text filled with ideas, connections, and concepts that advance an in-depth understanding of this growing segment of microbiology.

Product details

• Authors: Eugene L. Madsen, E Madsen, Eugene L. Madsen, Eugene L. (Cornell University) Madsen, Madsen Eugene L.
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 18.09.2015
• EAN: 9781118439630
• ISBN: 978-1-118-43963-0
• No. of pages: 592
• Dimensions: 193 mm x 253 mm x 27 mm
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Biology > General, dictionaries; Microbiology (non-medical), SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Biochemistry, SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Microbiology, biochemistry