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Arbitrary systems are formed from elements, particles, or elementary objects. These elements enter any system and leave it. It is possible to formulate the notion of a lifetime or a first-passage time. When considering the finite size systems the finiteness of lifetime seems to be essential. From the random processes theory it follows that the existence and finiteness of a lifetime is provided by the existence of stationary states, physically meaning the existence of stationary structures. To describe the nonequilibrium states of a system we introduce a new thermodynamic parameter - the lifetime of a system. Superstatistics, introduced as fluctuating quantities of intensive thermodynamical parameters, are obtained from statistical distribution with lifetime (random time to system degeneracy) as thermodynamical parameter. With the introduction of the distribution are related to many aspects of statistical physics. Justification for introducing distribution containing lifetime can be made by well-known in mathematical statistics weighted average geodesic distribution, which is also associated with superstatistics and Zubarev's nonequilibrium statistical operator.
About the author
Vasiliy Ryazanov in 1983 is leading researcher at the Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. In 2003 he defended his doctoral dissertation "The lifetime and stochastic modeling of statistical systems". Research interests: statistical physics, the theory of aerosols, the theory of nuclear reactors.
