Modern Power System Protection

Informationen zum Autor Janaka Ekanayake, Ph.D. is a Senior Professor and the Chair of Electrical and Electronic Engineering of the University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. He is a Visiting Professor at the Institute of Energy at Cardiff University, UK, and an Honorary Professor of the University of Wollongong, Australia. He has published widely on intelligent electronic devices, renewable energy and power systems.Vladimir Terzija is a Professor of Newcastle University, UK. Prior to that he was a Full Professor and the Head of Laboratory of Modern Energy Systems at Skoltech, Moscow, Russian Federation. He has worked in the field of power system protection for over 25 years. He has published widely on power system protection and WAMPAC and is a member of the IEEE.Ajith Tennakoon is a Senior Power Systems Engineer for Vysus Group, Australia, involved in grid connection studies fowr renewable energy sources. He has extensive experience in Power System protection and has been heading the Transmission Network protection in Sri Lanka. Previously he was a senior protection engineer engaged in design and implementation of Generator protection systems in Sri Lanka.Athula Rajapakse is a Professor at the University of Manitoba, Canada. He leads the Intelligent Power Grid Laboratory at the University of Manitoba and has conducted a wide range of research related to power system protection, wide area protection and control, protection of future HVDC grids, and grid integration of renewable energy. Klappentext Familiarize yourself with the cutting edge of power system protection technologyAll electrical systems are vulnerable to faults, whether produced by damaged equipment or the cumulative breakdown of insulation. Protection from these faults is therefore an essential part of electrical engineering, and the various forms of protection that have developed constitute a central component of any course of study related to power systems. Particularly in recent decades, however, the demands of decarbonization and reduced dependency on fossil fuels have driven innovation in the field of power systems. With new systems and paradigms come new kinds of faults and new protection needs, which promise to place power systems protection once again at the forefront of research and development.Protection of Modern Power Systems offers the first classroom-ready textbook to fully incorporate developments in renewable energy and 'smart' power systems into its overview of the field. It begins with a comprehensive guide to the principles of power system protection, before surveying the systems and equipment used in modern protection schemes, and finally discussing new and emerging protection paradigms. It promises to become the standard text in power system protection classrooms.Protection of Modern Power Systems readers will also find:* Treatment of the new faults and protection paradigms produced by the introduction of new renewable generators* Discussion of SmartGrids--intelligently-controlled active systems designed to integrate renewable energy into the power system--and their protection needs* Detailed exploration of Synchronized Measurement Technology and Intelligent Electronic Devices* Accompanying website to include Solutions Manual for instructorsProtection of Modern Power Systems is an essential resource for students, researchers, and system engineers looking for a working knowledge of this critical subject. Zusammenfassung Protection of Modern Power SystemsFamiliarize yourself with the cutting edge of power system protection technologyAll electrical systems are vulnerable to faults, whether produced by damaged equipment or the cumulative breakdown of insulation. Protection from these faults is therefore an essential part of electrical engineering, and the various forms of protection that have developed constitute a central component of any course of study related to power systems. Particularly in rec...

List of contents

Preface xiii
 
About the Authors xv
 
List of Abbreviations xvii
 
About the Companion Website xix
 
1 Review of Principles of Protection 1
 
1.1 Introduction 1
 
1.2 Historical Development 1
 
1.3 Faults, Fault Currents, Voltages, and Protection 2
 
1.3.1 Types of Faults 2
 
1.3.2 Currents and Voltages under Fault Situations and Protection 2
 
1.4 Fault Current Contribution from Generators 5
 
1.5 Philosophy of Protection Relaying 5
 
1.5.1 Selectivity 5
 
1.5.2 Speed of Operation 5
 
1.5.3 Sensitivity 5
 
1.5.4 Reliability, Dependability, and Security 6
 
1.5.5 Primary and Backup Protection 6
 
1.5.6 Unit and Non-Unit Protection 6
 
1.6 Review Questions 6
 
1.7 Problems 6
 
2 Instrument Transformers 9
 
2.1 Introduction 9
 
2.2 Basic Principles of Operation 10
 
2.2.1 Shunt Mode 10
 
2.2.2 Series Mode 10
 
2.3 Current Transformers (CTS) 11
 
2.3.1 Steady-state Theory 11
 
2.3.2 Excitation Current 12
 
2.3.3 Excitation Characteristic 13
 
2.3.4 Terminal Marking and Polarity 13
 
2.3.5 CT Burden 14
 
2.3.6 CT Errors 14
 
2.3.7 Accuracy Classes 15
 
2.3.8 Accuracy Limit Factor 16
 
2.3.9 Rated Currents 16
 
2.4 Transient Response of CTs 17
 
2.4.1 Power System Fault Current 17
 
2.4.2 Flux Required to Transform the Primary Current 18
 
2.4.3 Transient Factor 19
 
2.4.4 Peak Transient Factor 20
 
2.4.5 Maximum Peak Transient Factor (Ktfp,max ) 21
 
2.4.6Transient Dimensioning Factor Ktd for Specific Time t'al 21
 
2.4.7 Rated Equivalent Limiting Secondary Voltage (Eal) 22
 
2.4.8 Primary Time Constant (TP) with Multiple Infeeds 23
 
2.4.9 Over-dimensioning Factor (Kh) Due Remanence 23
 
2.4.10 Duty Cycle 23
 
2.4.11 Auto-reclosing 23
 
2.4.12 Errors 24
 
2.4.13 CT Classes for Transient Performance 25
 
2.5 Selection of a CT 26
 
2.5.1 Rated Primary Current 26
 
2.5.2 Rated Secondary Current 26
 
2.5.3 Class, Burden, and ALF of the CTs 27
 
2.6 Voltage Transformers 32
 
2.6.1 Inductive Voltage Transformers 32
 
2.6.2 Inductive Voltage Transformer Errors 33
 
2.6.3 Inductive Voltage Transformer Classes 33
 
2.6.4 Inductive Voltage Transformer Selection 34
 
2.6.5 Terminal Marking 35
 
2.6.6 Inductive Voltage Transformer Transient Behaviour 35
 
2.6.7 Voltage Transformer Connections 35
 
2.7 Capacitor Voltage Transformer 36
 
2.7.1 Capacitive Voltage Transformer Errors 37
 
2.7.2 Capacitive Voltage Transformer Classes 37
 
2.7.3 Transient Behaviour 38
 
2.8 Non-Conventional Current and Voltage Transformers 39
 
2.8.1 Introduction 39
 
2.8.2 Non-Conventional CTs 40
 
2.8.3 Optical Voltage Transformers 45
 
2.9 Review Questions 45
 
2.10 Problems 46
 
3 Review of Principles of Protection 49
 
3.1 Introduction 49
 
3.2 Excess Current Protection 49
 
3.2.1 Discrimination by Current 50
 
3.2.2 Discrimination by Time 51
 
3.2.3 Discrimination by Time and Current 52
 
3.2.4 Inverse Characteristics 52
 
3.2.5 Grading of Relays 54
 
3.2.6 Co-ordination with Fuses 55
 
3.2.7 Plug Setting and Plug Setting Multiplier 56
 
3.2.8 Time Multiplier Setting 56
 
3.2.9 Discrimination When There Is a Delta-star Transformer 56
 
3.2.10 Earth Fault Protectio

Product details

• Authors: J. B. Ekanayake, Janaka B Ekanayake, Janaka B. Ekanayake, Janaka B. Karunanayake Ekanayake, Ekanayake Janaka B., Jayasiri Karunanayake, Athula Rajapakse, A Tennakoon, Ajith Tennakoon, Vladimir Terzija, Terzija Vladimir
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 05.10.2018
• EAN: 9781118817230
• ISBN: 978-1-118-81723-0
• No. of pages: 300
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Physics, astronomy > Mechanics, acoustics; Energietechnik, Energie, ENERGY, smart grid, Elektrische Energietechnik, Power Technology & Power Engineering, Electric Power Systems