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Zusatztext "Carnes's conclusion that most labor codes in Latin America have not been rewritten to make them compatible with market reforms is significant. His work, further, shows how the industries deemed key for twentieth-century projects of nation-state formation (such as mining) had the most protective individual labor legislation (for instance, provisions structuring hiring and dismissal)." Informationen zum Autor Matthew E. Carnes is Assistant Professor in the Department of Government at Georgetown University. Klappentext This book explains how skill-driven economic constraints and unions' organizational power have produced long-term continuity in diverse national-level labor codes in Latin America, even in the face of significant efforts at reform by political leaders. Zusammenfassung This book explains how skill-driven economic constraints and unions' organizational power have produced long-term continuity in diverse national-level labor codes in Latin America, even in the face of significant efforts at reform by political leaders. Inhaltsverzeichnis Contents and Abstracts Introduction: Introduction: Continuity Despite Change chapter abstract This chapter describes the puzzling persistence of extremely protective labor laws in Latin America, in spite of significant competitive pressures from globalization and a series of attempted reforms in the 1980s and 1990s. It notes that labor laws have been more resistant to reform than any other area of economic policy, and motivates the rest of the book by explaining the importance of labor law as both a dependent variable and independent variable, outlining the history of study of Latin American labor laws, and describing the implications of different forms of labor regulation for outcomes as diverse as economic inequality and political participation. It concludes with an overview of the remaining chapters of the book. 1 Explaining Enduring Labor Codes in Developing Countries: Skill Distributions and the Organizational Capacity of Labor chapter abstract This chapter builds a general theory of labor regulation. It describes the labor law "policy space" and articulates a typology of four hypothetical labor law "regimes." It traces the origins to these regimes to two explanatory variables: (1) the distribution of skills in the economy, and (2) the ability of labor to organize to represent its interests. It argues that these factors played a critical role in shaping the earliest state efforts at regulating labor relations in Latin America, beginning in the late 1800s and early 1900s. It then develops a series of arguments about how skill distributions and labor organization functioned under successive waves of economic policy. During industrialization (as occurred in the middle of the twentieth century), they shaped the expansion of coverage of labor regulation. And under globalization (at the turn of the millennium), they constrained – and in many cases, severely limited – the extent of liberalizing reforms. 2 Using Multiple Methods to Understand Labor Law Development in Latin America chapter abstract This chapter describes the two-pronged methodological approach employed in the remainder of the book. First, it describes the original dataset assembled for the quantitative analysis – a comparative operationalization of 23 labor law features fr...
