Bone and Joint Infections - From Microbiology to Diagnostics and Treatment

Infections of the bones (osteomyelitis) and joints (septic arthritis) are serious health problems which require antibiotics and often surgery. Awareness among health professionals of the causes and treatment options for various types of bone and joint infections is essential for effective resolution.Bone and Joint Infections takes a multidisciplinary approach in covering the diagnostic and therapeutic treatment of osteomyelitis and septic arthritis, including different types of implant-associated infections. Correct and rapid diagnosis of bone and joint infection is crucial, and requires the input of a variety of specialists. Bone and Joint Infection takes a similarly collaborative and comprehensive approach, including chapters authored by clinicians, laboratory specialists, and surgeons.Covering the basic microbiology and clinical aspects of bone and joint infection, this book will be a valuable resource both for researchers in the lab and for physicians and surgeons seeking a comprehensive reference on osteomyelitis and septic arthritis.

List of contents

Contributors xiiiForeword xviiAcknowledgments xixChapter 1 Introduction 1Werner ZimmerliChapter 2 Microbiology of Bone and Joint Infections 5Seong Yeol Ryu and Robin PatelMicroorganisms in Osteomyelitis 5Microorganisms in Implant-Associated Bone and Joint Infection 7Microorganisms in Native Joint Arthritis 10Diagnostic Approach in Osteomyelitis 11Diagnostic Approach in Foreign Body-Associated Infection 12Diagnostic Approach in Native Joint Infection 15Novel Diagnostic Procedures 17Acknowledgment 17References 17Chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antibiotics in Bone 21Cornelia B. Landersdorfer, Jürgen B. Bulitta, and Fritz SörgelPharmacokinetics 21Bone Sample Preparation and Analysis 22Pharmacokinetic Sampling and Data Analysis 23Penetration of Antibiotics into Bone 24Pharmacodynamics and Monte Carlo Simulations 31Conclusions 34Key Points 34References 35Chapter 4 Preclinical Models of Infection in Bone and Joint Surgery 39Lorenzo Calabro, R. Geoff Richards, and T. Fintan MoriartyIntroduction 39Influence of Species in Preclinical Models of Bone and Joint Infection 40Overview of Animal Models 42Direct Inoculation with Minimal Trauma 42Animal Osteomyelitis Models Incorporating Trauma 46Hematogenous Models 47Future Directions 48Conclusion 49Key Points 49References 49Chapter 5 Native Joint Arthritis in Children 55Pablo YagupskyIntroduction 55Epidemiology 55Microbiology 56Pathogenesis 61Clinical Presentation 62Laboratory Investigation 63Imaging Studies 66Differential Diagnosis 66Treatment 67Prognosis 71Key Points 72References 72Chapter 6 Native Joint Arthritis 77Ilker Uçkay, Mohamed Al-Mayahi, Domizio Suvà, Daniel Lew, and Pierre VaudauxIntroduction 77Pathogenesis, Epidemiology, and Microbiology 77Diagnosis 79Treatment 81Outcome of Native Joint Septic Arthritis 87Key Points 88Acknowledgments 88References 88Chapter 7 Septic Arthritis of Axial Joints 93Werner ZimmerliSeptic Arthritis of the Sternoclavicular Joint 93Key Points 98Septic Arthritis of the Symphysis Pubis 98Key Points 103Septic Arthritis of the Sacroiliac Joint 103Key Points 107References 107Chapter 8 Periprosthetic Joint Infection: General Aspects 113Werner ZimmerliIntroduction 113Definition 114Classification 115Pathogenesis 115Diagnostic Algorithm 118Laboratory Investigation 119Therapeutic Management 121Prophylaxis 122Errors in the Management of PJI 123Key Points 124References 124Chapter 9 Periprosthetic Joint Infection after Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty 131Werner Zimmerli and Martin ClaussIntroduction 131Risk Factors 131Microbiology 132Clinical Features 133Laboratory Investigation 133Imaging Procedures 134Management 135Instructive Cases 142References 146Chapter 10 Periprosthetic Joint Infection after Shoulder Arthroplasty 151Parham Sendi, Beat K. Moor, and Matthias A. ZumsteinIntroduction 151Risk Factors 151Microbiology 153Pathogenesis 154Clinical Features 154Laboratory Investigation 155Imaging Procedures 157Management 158Instructive Cases 162References 163Chapter 11 Periprosthetic Joint Infection after Elbow Arthroplasty 167Yvonne Achermann and Michael C. GlanzmannIntroduction 167Microbiology 168Clinical Features 168Diagnostic Procedures 169Instructive Cases 176References 179Chapter 12 Periprosthetic Joint Infection after Ankle Arthroplasty 183Parham Sendi, Bernhard Kessler, and Markus KnuppIntroduction 183History of Total Ankle Arthroplasty 184Risk Factors 185Microbiology 186Management 189Instructive Cases 192References 194Chapter 13 Osteomyelitis: Classification 197Werner ZimmerliClassification According to Pathogenesis 197Classification According to the Duration of Infection 199Classification According to the Localization 200Classification According to the Presence of an Implant 200Classification According to Anatomy and Comorbidity 200References 201Chapter 14 Osteomyelitis in Children 205Priya Sukhtankar, Saul N. Faust, and Nicholas M.P. ClarkeIntroduction 205Epidemiology 205Pathophysiology 206Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Microbiology 207Treatment 214Complications 217Key Points 217References 217Chapter 15 Acute Osteomyelitis in Adults 221Werner ZimmerliIntroduction 221Pathogenesis 221Epidemiology 223Microbiology 224Risk Factors 225Clinical Features 227Laboratory Investigation 229Imaging Procedures 231Clinical and Imaging Differential Diagnosis 232Treatment 233Key Points 236References 236Chapter 16 Subacute Osteomyelitis: Tuberculous and Brucellar Vertebral Osteomyelitis 241Juan D. Colmenero and Pilar MorataIntroduction 241Epidemiology 241Clinical Features 242Laboratory Investigation 244Imaging Procedures 247Antimicrobial and Surgical Therapy 250Key Points 252References 252Chapter 17 Chronic Osteomyelitis in Adults 257Silvin Lito, Antoine Lomessy, Pierre Vaudaux, and Ilker UçkayIntroduction 257Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 259Diagnosis 260Treatment 262Future Perspectives 268Key Points 268Acknowledgments 269References 269Chapter 18 Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis 273Eric Senneville and Sophie NguyenIntroduction 273Classification 273Microbiology 276Risk Factors 278Clinical Features 279Inflammatory Parameters 279Imaging Procedures 280Management 281Prevention 284References 284Chapter 19 Osteomyelitis of the Jaws 289Werner ZimmerliIntroduction 289Classification 289Microbiology 291Risk Factors 292Clinical Features 292Laboratory Investigation 294Imaging Procedures 296Management 297Key Points 299References 299Chapter 20 Implant-Associated Osteomyelitis of Long Bones 303Martin McNally and Parham SendiIntroduction 303Classification and Risk Factors 304Microbiology 306Clinical Features 306Laboratory Investigation 307Imaging Procedures 309Management 309Instructive Cases 317References 320Chapter 21 Implant-Associated Vertebral Osteomyelitis 325Todd J. KowalskiIntroduction 325Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Preventive Measures 326Microbiology 327Clinical Features 331Diagnostic Procedures 332Management 333Instructive Cases 339References 341Chapter 22 Postoperative Sternal Osteomyelitis 347Parham Sendi, Örjan Friberg, Mihai A. Constantinescu, and Lars EnglbergerIntroduction 347Risk Factors 348Microbiology 351Clinical Features 352Laboratory Investigation 354Imaging Procedures 355Management 356Instructive Cases 360References 362Index 367

About the author

Werner Zimmerli, MD, is Professor in Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases at Basel University Medical Clinic, Liestal, Switzerland.

Summary

Infections of the bones (osteomyelitis) and joints (septic arthritis) are serious health problems which require antibiotics and often surgery. Awareness among health professionals of the causes and treatment options for various types of bone and joint infections is essential for effective resolution.

Bone and Joint Infections takes a multidisciplinary approach in covering the diagnostic and therapeutic treatment of osteomyelitis and septic arthritis, including different types of implant-associated infections. Correct and rapid diagnosis of bone and joint infection is crucial, and requires the input of a variety of specialists. Bone and Joint Infection takes a similarly collaborative and comprehensive approach, including chapters authored by clinicians, laboratory specialists, and surgeons.

Covering the basic microbiology and clinical aspects of bone and joint infection, this book will be a valuable resource both for researchers in the lab and for physicians and surgeons seeking a comprehensive reference on osteomyelitis and septic arthritis.

Product details

• Authors: W Zimmerli, W. Zimmerli
• Assisted by: Werner Zimmerli (Editor)
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 30.01.2015
• EAN: 9781118581773
• ISBN: 978-1-118-58177-3
• No. of pages: 432
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Biology > Microbiology; Mikrobiologie, Anatomie, Medizin, Life Sciences, Gelenkentzündung, Biowissenschaften, Medical Science, Klinische Mikrobiologie, Anatomy & Physiology, Knochenentzündung, Clinical Microbiology, Infectious Disease & Microbiology, Infektionskrankheiten u. Mikrobiologie, Anatomie u. Physiologie