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Written by a highly regarded author with industrial and academic experience, this new edition of an established bestselling book provides practical guidance for students, researchers, and those in chemical engineering.
List of contents
Preface xiii
Acknowledgements xv
Nomenclature xvii
1 The Nature of Chemical Process Design and Integration 1
1.1 Chemical Products 1
1.2 Formulation of Design Problems 3
1.3 Synthesis and Simulation 4
1.4 The Hierarchy of Chemical Process Design and Integration 6
1.5 Continuous and Batch Processes 8
1.6 New Design and Retrofit 11
1.7 Reliability, Availability and Maintainability 11
1.8 Process Control 12
1.9 Approaches to Chemical Process Design and Integration 13
1.10 The Nature of Chemical Process Design and Integration - Summary 16
References 17
2 Process Economics 19
2.1 The Role of Process Economics 19
2.2 Capital Cost for New Design 19
2.3 Capital Cost for Retrofit 25
2.4 Annualized Capital Cost 26
2.5 Operating Cost 27
2.6 Simple Economic Criteria 30
2.7 Project Cash Flow and Economic Evaluation 31
2.8 Investment Criteria 33
2.9 Process Economics-Summary 34
2.10 Exercises 34
References 36
3 Optimization 37
3.1 Objective Functions 37
3.2 Single-Variable Optimization 40
3.3 Multivariable Optimization 42
3.4 Constrained Optimization 45
3.5 Linear Programming 47
3.6 Nonlinear Programming 49
3.7 Structural Optimization 50
3.8 Solution of Equations Using Optimization 54
3.9 The Search for Global Optimality 55
3.10 Optimization - Summary 56
3.11 Exercises 56
References 58
4 Chemical Reactors I - Reactor Performance 59
4.1 Reaction Path 59
4.2 Types of Reaction Systems 61
4.3 Measures of Reactor Performance 63
4.4 Rate of Reaction 64
4.5 Idealized Reactor Models 65
4.6 Choice of Idealized Reactor Model 73
4.7 Choice of Reactor Performance 76
4.8 Reactor Performance - Summary 77
4.9 Exercises 78
References 79
5 Chemical Reactors II - Reactor Conditions 81
5.1 Reaction Equilibrium 81
5.2 Reactor Temperature 85
5.3 Reactor Pressure 92
5.4 Reactor Phase 93
5.5 Reactor Concentration 94
5.6 Biochemical Reactions 99
5.7 Catalysts 99
5.8 Reactor Conditions - Summary 102
5.9 Exercises 103
References 105
6 Chemical Reactors III - Reactor Configuration 107
6.1 Temperature Control 107
6.2 Catalyst Degradation 111
6.3 Gas-Liquid and Liquid-Liquid Reactors 112
6.4 Reactor Configuration 116
6.5 Reactor Configuration For Heterogeneous Solid-Catalyzed Reactions 121
6.6 Reactor Configuration - Summary 122
6.7 Exercises 122
References 123
7 Separation of Heterogeneous Mixtures 125
7.1 Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Separation 125
7.2 Settling and Sedimentation 126
7.3 Inertial and Centrifugal Separation 130
7.4 Electrostatic Precipitation 131
7.5 Filtration 133
7.6 Scrubbing 134
7.7 Flotation 135
7.8 Drying 136
7.9 Separation of Heterogeneous Mixtures - Summary 137
7.10 Exercises 137
References 138
8 Separation of Homogeneous Fluid Mixtures I - Distillation 139
8.1 Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium 139
8.2 Calculation of Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium 141
8.3 Single-Stage Separation 146
8.4 Distillation 146
8.5 Binary Distillation 150
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About the author
Professor Robin Smith is Head of the Centre for Process Integration at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) in the United Kingdom. Before joining UMIST he had extensive industrial experience with Rohm & Haas in process investigation and process design, and with ICI in computer-aided design and process integration. He was a member of the ICI Process Integration Team that pioneered the first industrial applications of process integration design methods. Since joining UMIST he has acted extensively as a consultant in process integration projects. He has published widely in the field of chemical process design and integration, and is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering, a Fellow of the Institution of Chemical Engineers in the UK and a chartered engineer. In 1992 he was awarded the Hanson Medal of the Institution of Chemical Engineers in the UK for his work on clean process technology.
Summary
Written by a highly regarded author with industrial and academic experience, this new edition of an established bestselling book provides practical guidance for students, researchers, and those in chemical engineering.
