BUILT ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC HEALTH

Informationen zum Autor Russell P. Lopez, MRP, DSc, has taught courses on the built environment and environmental health at Brown, Boston, and Northeastern Universities. He has published extensively on issues related to health equity and impacts of the built environment. Klappentext The Built Environment and Public HealthThe Built Environment and Public Health explores the impact on our health of the environments we build for ourselves, and how public health and urban planning can work together to build settings that that promote healthy living. This comprehensive text covers origins and foundations of the built environment as a public health focus and its joint history with urban planning, transportation and land use, infrastructure and natural disasters, assessment tools, indoor air quality, water quality, food security, health disparities, mental health, social capital, and environmental justice. The Built Environment and Public Health explores such timely issues as:* Basics of the built environment and evidence for its influences* How urban planning and public health intersect* How infrastructure improvements can address chronic diseases and conditions* Meeting the challenges of natural disasters* Policies to promote walking and mass transit* Approaches to assess and improve air quality and our water supply* Policies that improve food security and change how Americans get their food* How the built environment can address needs of vulnerable populations* Evidence-based design practices for hospitals and health care facilities* Mental health, stressors, and health care environments* Theories and programs to improve social capital of low-income communities* How the built environment addresses issues of health equity and environmental justiceThis important textbook and resource includes chapter learning objectives, summaries, questions for discussion, and listings of key terms.Companion Web site: www.josseybass.com/go/lopez Zusammenfassung This text combines an examination of how the physical environment affects our health with a description of how public health and urban planning can work together to create environments that improve human health and well-being. Inhaltsverzeichnis Preface xiThe Author xvPart One Background and History1 Introduction to the Built Environment and Health 3Dimensions of the Environment 4Is the Built Environment Really an Environmental Factor? 6How to Evaluate the Built Environment? 7Public Perceptions and Assumptions Regarding the Built Environment 8Cross-Disciplinary Nature of the Study of the Built Environment 9Placing the Analysis of the Built Environment into a Broader Context 11Influences on the Built Environment 132 History 17The Pre-Industrial Era 18The Era of Industrialization and Urbanization: 1825-1930 19Reform Movements, New Technologies, and Changes in Urban Planning and Architecture: 1825-1930 25Later Reforms and New Initiatives 1930-1980 32The Current Era: 1980-2010 and Beyond 38Part Two Community Design3 Planning and Urban Design 43Demographic, Economic, and Social Trends 44Land Use and Planning Controls 48Metropolitan Structure and Health 544 Transportation Policies 67Current Patterns of Transportation in the United States 68Automobiles and Health 73Highways and Health 77Mass Transit and Health 78Bike Safety and Infrastructure 81Walking and Health 825 Healthy Housing and Housing Assistance Programs 91The Housing Problem 92The Regulatory Framework 936 Infrastructure and Natural Disasters 115Natural Disasters: An Introduction 116Natural Disaster Response 125Part Three Environmental Media7 Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality 137Overview 137Land Use, the Built Environment, and Air Quality 139Air Pollutants 141Air Pollution-Associated Health Conditions 1498 Water 155Impact of Water on Health 155Infrastructure 157Drinking Water 1599 Food, Nutrition...

List of contents

Preface xi
 
The Author xv
 
Part One Background and History
 
1 Introduction to the Built Environment and Health 3
 
Dimensions of the Environment 4
 
Is the Built Environment Really an Environmental Factor? 6
 
How to Evaluate the Built Environment? 7
 
Public Perceptions and Assumptions Regarding the Built Environment 8
 
Cross-Disciplinary Nature of the Study of the Built Environment 9
 
Placing the Analysis of the Built Environment into a Broader Context 11
 
Influences on the Built Environment 13
 
2 History 17
 
The Pre-Industrial Era 18
 
The Era of Industrialization and Urbanization: 1825-1930 19
 
Reform Movements, New Technologies, and Changes in Urban Planning and Architecture: 1825-1930 25
 
Later Reforms and New Initiatives 1930-1980 32
 
The Current Era: 1980-2010 and Beyond 38
 
Part Two Community Design
 
3 Planning and Urban Design 43
 
Demographic, Economic, and Social Trends 44
 
Land Use and Planning Controls 48
 
Metropolitan Structure and Health 54
 
4 Transportation Policies 67
 
Current Patterns of Transportation in the United States 68
 
Automobiles and Health 73
 
Highways and Health 77
 
Mass Transit and Health 78
 
Bike Safety and Infrastructure 81
 
Walking and Health 82
 
5 Healthy Housing and Housing Assistance Programs 91
 
The Housing Problem 92
 
The Regulatory Framework 93
 
6 Infrastructure and Natural Disasters 115
 
Natural Disasters: An Introduction 116
 
Natural Disaster Response 125
 
Part Three Environmental Media
 
7 Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality 137
 
Overview 137
 
Land Use, the Built Environment, and Air Quality 139
 
Air Pollutants 141
 
Air Pollution-Associated Health Conditions 149
 
8 Water 155
 
Impact of Water on Health 155
 
Infrastructure 157
 
Drinking Water 159
 
9 Food, Nutrition, and Food Security 171
 
Foodborne Illnesses 172
 
Food Insecurity 174
 
Environmental Effects of Farming and Food Production 182
 
Part Four Population Health
 
10 Vulnerable Populations 193
 
The Built Environment and Vulnerability 195
 
The Definition of Race 195
 
Poverty 200
 
Children and Environmental Health 203
 
The Elderly and the Built Environment 205
 
Persons with Disabilities 207
 
11 Mental Health, Stressors, and Health Care Environments 209
 
The Beginnings 210
 
Biophilia 212
 
The Role of Stressors and Allostatic Load 219
 
12 Social Capital 227
 
Theory and Historical Beginnings 228
 
Measuring Social Capital 231
 
Improving Social Capital 236
 
13 Environmental Justice 247
 
The Environmental Justice Movement 248
 
A History of the Environmental Justice Movement 249
 
Disproportionate Burden 256
 
Additional Limitations of Environmental Justice Actions 262
 
Lessons 265
 
Part Five Tools and Applications
 
14 Assessment Tools and Data Sources 269
 
Tools to Inform Decision Making 270
 
Information Tools 275
 
15 Health Policy and Programs 287
 
Public Health Interventions 289
 
Community Interventions 292
 
School-Based Interventions 293
 
Individual Level Interventions 296
 
Legal Basis for Built Environment Regulation 297
 
Inserting Health into City General Plans 298
 
16 Sustainability

Report

"An exceptional book for professionals and students alike. Planning, community health, and design issues are nested in well structured sections. The author does an incredibly good job documenting the sources of both historical and contemporary aspects of such a wide ranging subject matter." --Robert Voigt, in Civic Blogger
 
"Written in an easy-to-understand style, The Built Environment and Public Health by Russell P. Lopez contains a wealth of information. The data supplied substantiate the author's concern that public health is definitely affected by the environment that we have built for ourselves... a must-read for all who work in public health." --Dorothea M. Volzer, MFA, in Florida Journal of Environmental Health

Product details

• Authors: Rl Lopez, Russ Lopez, Russell P Lopez, Russell P. Lopez, Russell P. (Boston University School of Pub Lopez, LOPEZ RUSSELL P, Lopez Russell P.
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Paperback / Softback
• Released: 27.01.2012
• EAN: 9780470620038
• ISBN: 978-0-470-62003-8
• No. of pages: 432
• Series: Public Health/Enviromental Health NY; Public Health/Enviromental Health; Public Health/Environmental Health; Public Health/Environmental Health; Public Health/Enviromental Health NY; Public Health/Environmental He
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Medicine > General; Public Health, Pollution and threats to the environment, Public health and preventive medicine, Health & Social Care, Gesundheits- u. Sozialwesen, Gesundheitswesen / Umwelt u. Arbeitsplatz, Environmental & Occupational Health