Recent Advances in Polyphenol Research, Volume 4

Informationen zum Autor Annalisa Romani , board member of the ' Groupe Polyphénols ' (2008-2014), is Professor of Food Sciences and Technologies at the University of Florence, Italy. Her research laboratory is specialized in analytical, structural determination and biological activities of plant polyphenols, with a recent focus on food supplement and innovative extraction green technologies for the recovery of purified molecules as bio-phenols. Vincenzo Lattanzio , former President of the ' Groupe Polyphénols ' (2004-2008), is full Professor of Plant Biochemistry and Physiology at the University of Foggia (Italy). His research interest concerns studies of the role of phenolic compounds in resistance mechanisms of plant tissues against biotic and abiotic stresses, with a recent focus on trade-off mechanism between growth rate and adaptive response of plant tissues under nutritional stress. Stéphane Quideau , former President of the Groupe Polyphénols (2008-2012), is full Professor of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry at the University of Bordeaux, France. His research laboratory is specialized in plant polyphenol chemistry and chemical biology, with a focus on the studies of ellagitannin chemical reactivity and synthesis, and interactions of bioactive polyphenols with their protein targets.   Klappentext Plant polyphenols are secondary metabolites that constitute one of the most common and widespread groups of natural products. They express a large and diverse panel of biological activities including beneficial effects on both plants and humans. Many polyphenols, from their structurally simplest representatives to their oligo/polymeric versions (also referred to as vegetable tannins) are notably known as phytoestrogens, plant pigments, potent antioxidants, and protein interacting agents.Sponsored by the scholarly society Groupe Polyphénols, this publication, which is the fourth volume in this highly regarded Recent Advances in Polyphenol Research series, is edited by Annalisa Romani, Vincenzo Lattanzio, and Stéphane Quideau. They have once again, like their predecessors, put together an impressive collection of cutting-edge chapters written by expert scientists, internationally respected in their respective field of polyphenol sciences. This Volume 4 highlights some of the latest information and opinion on the following major research topics about polyphenols:* Biosynthesis and genetic manipulation* Ecological role of polyphenols in plant defense* Actions of polyphenols in human health protection* Physical organic chemistry and organic synthesisChemists, biochemists, plant scientists, pharmacognosists and pharmacologists, biologists, ecologists, food scientists and nutritionists will all find this book an invaluable resource. Libraries in all universities and research institutions where these disciplines are studied and taught should have copies on their bookshelves. Zusammenfassung Plant polyphenols are secondary metabolites that constitute one of the most common and widespread groups of natural products. They express a large and diverse panel of biological activities including beneficial effects on both plants and humans. Inhaltsverzeichnis Acknowledgments vii Contributors xvii Preface xix 1 Monolignol Biosynthesis and its Genetic Manipulation: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly 1 Richard A. Dixon, M.S. Srinivasa Reddy, and Lina Gallego-Giraldo 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 Function and distribution of lignin in plants 2 1.3 Targets for modification of lignin biosynthesis 5 1.3.1 Gene targets 1. Biosynthetic enzymes 5 1.3.1.1 L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) 6 1.3.1.2 Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) 6 1.3.1.3 4-coumarate: coenzyme-A ligase (4CL) 6 1.3.1.4 Enzymes of the coumaroyl shikimate shunt 7 1.3.1.5 Caffeoyl-CoA 3-O-methyltra...

List of contents

Contributors
 
Preface
 
1 Monolignol Biosynthesis and its Genetic Manipulation: the Good, the Bad and the Ugly
Richard A. Dixon, M. S. Srinivasa Reddy and Lina Gallego-Giraldo
 
1.1 Introduction
 
1.2 Function and distribution of lignin in plants
 
1.3 Targets for modification of lignin biosynthesis
 
1.4 Impacts of lignin modification by targeting the monolignol biosynthetic pathway
 
1.5 Impacts of lignin modification by targeting TFs
 
1.6 Monolignol pathway modification and plant growth
 
1.7 Conclusions - it isn't all that bad!
 
2 Perturbing Lignin Biosynthesis: Metabolic Changes in Response to Manipulation of the Phenylpropanoid Pathway
Nickolas A. Anderson and Clint Chapple
 
2.1 Introduction
 
2.2 Changes in metabolism associated with phenylpropanoid pathway disruptions
 
2.3 Atypical lignins
 
2.4 Dwarfism
 
2.5 Conclusions
 
3 Function, Structure and Evolution of Flavonoid Glycosyltransferases in Plants
Keiko Yonekura-Sakakibara and Kazuki Saito
 
3.1 Introduction
 
3.2 UDP-dependent glycosyltransferases
 
3.3 Glycoside hydrolase-type glycosyltransferases
 
3.4 Conclusions
 
4 The Chemistry and Chemical Ecology of Ellagitannins in Plant-Insect Interactions: from Underestimated Molecules to Bioactive Plant Constituents
Juha-Pekka Salminen
 
4.1 Introduction
 
4.2 Definitions and chemical structures of hydrolysable tannins
 
4.3 Biosynthetic pathways of hydrolysable tannins in plants
 
4.4 Distribution of different types of tannins in plants
 
4.5 Tannins in plant-herbivore interactions
 
4.6 Conclusions
 
5 Diverse Ecological Roles of Plant Tannins: Plant Defense and Beyond
C. Peter Constabel, Kazuko Yoshida and Vincent Walker
 
5.1 Introduction
 
5.2 Overview of Tannin Structure and Function in Defense
 
5.3 Tissue Localization and Ecological Function
 
5.4 Tannins in Plant-Soil-Environment Interactions
 
5.5 Conclusions
 
6 Epigenetics, Plant (Poly)phenolics and Cancer Prevention
Clarissa Gerhauser
 
6.1 Overview of epigenetic gene regulation
 
6.2 Influence of polyphenols on DNA methylation
 
6.3 Influence of polyphenols on histone modifying enzymes
 
6.4 Influence of noncoding (micro) RNAs on gene expression
 
6.5 Chemopreventive polyphenols affecting the epigenome by multiple mechanisms
 
6.6 Summary and conclusions
 
7 Discovery of Polyphenol-Based Drugs for Cancer Prevention and Treatment - The Tumor Proteasome as a Novel Target
Fathima R. Kona, Min Shen, Di Chen, Tak Hang Chan and Q. Ping Dou
 
7.1 Introduction
 
7.2 Secondary metabolites of plants
 
7.3 Plant polyphenols and their analogs
 
7.4 Natural polyphenols in reversing drug resistance
 
7.5 Conclusions
 
8 Flavonoid Occurrence, Bioavailability, Metabolism and Protective Effects in Humans: Focus on Flavan-3-ols and Flavonols
Luca Calani, Margherita Dall'Asta, Renato Bruni and Daniele Del Rio
 
8.1 Introduction to flavonoids in human nutrition
 
8.2 Focus on flavan-3-ols and flavonols
 
8.3 Metabolism and bioavailability of flavonoids in humans
 
8.4 In vitro studies
 
8.5 In vivo studies
 
8.6 Conclusions
 
9 Inhibition of VEGF Signalling by Polyphenols in Relation to Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Disease
Rebecca L. Edwards and Paul A. Kroon
 
9.1 Introduction
 
9.2 VEGF and VEGF signalling
 
9.3 VEGF signalling and angiogenesis
 
9.4 Angiogenesis in atherosclerosis
 
9.5 Polyphenol

Product details

• Authors: Vincenzo Lattanzio, Stephane Quideau, a Romani, Annalisa Romani, Annalisa Lattanzio Romani
• Assisted by: Vincenz Lattanzio (Editor), Vincenzo Lattanzio (Editor), Lattanzio Vincenzo (Editor), Quideau (Editor), Stephane Quideau (Editor), Stéphane Quideau (Editor), Annalisa Romani (Editor), Romani Annalisa (Editor)
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 10.10.2014
• EAN: 9781118329672
• ISBN: 978-1-118-32967-2
• No. of pages: 464
• Series: Recent Advances in Polyphenol Research; Recent Advances in Polyphenol; Recent Advances in Polyphenol Research; Recent Advances in Polyphenol
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Biology > Biochemistry, biophysics; Life Sciences, Biowissenschaften, Polyphenole, Plant Biochemistry, Botanik / Biochemie, Chemical biology