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In The Color of Modernity, Barbara Weinstein focuses on race, gender, and regionalism in the formation of national identities in Brazil; this focus allows her to explore how uneven patterns of economic development are consolidated and understood. Organized around two principal episodes-the 1932 Constitutionalist Revolution and 1954's IV Centenário, the quadricentennial of São Paulo's founding-this book shows how both elites and popular sectors in São Paulo embraced a regional identity that emphasized their European origins and aptitude for modernity and progress, attributes that became-and remain-associated with "whiteness." This racialized regionalism naturalized and reproduced regional inequalities, as São Paulo became synonymous with prosperity while Brazil's Northeast, a region plagued by drought and poverty, came to represent backwardness and São Paulo's racial "Other." This view of regional difference, Weinstein argues, led to development policies that exacerbated these inequalities and impeded democratization.
List of contents
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction 1
1. Paulista Modern 27
Part I: The War of São Paulo
2. Constituting Paulista Identity 71
3. The Middle Class in Arms? Fighting for São Paulo 110
4. Marianne into Battle? The Mulher Paulista and the Revolution of 1932 161
5. Provincializing São Paulo: The "Other" Regions Strike Back 192
Part II: Commemorating São Paulo
6. São Paulo Triumphant 221
7. Exhibiting Exceptionalism: History at the IV Centenário 267
8. The White Album: Memory, Identity, and the 1932 Uprising 296
Epilogue and Conclusion 331
Notes 345
Bibliography 419
Index 445
About the author
Barbara Weinstein is the Silver Professor of History at New York University. She is the coeditor of The Making of the Middle Class: Toward a Transnational History, also published by Duke University Press, and the author of For Social Peace in Brazil: Industrialists and the Remaking of the Working Class in São Paulo, 1920-1964.
