Fundamentals of Database Management Systems

Klappentext This lean, focused text concentrates on giving students a clear understanding of database fundamentals while providing a broad survey of all the major topics of the field. The result is a text that is easily covered in one semester, and that only includes topics relevant to the database course.Mark Gillenson, an associate editor of the Journal of Database Management, has 15 years experience of working with and teaching at IBM Corp. and 15 years of teaching experience at the college level. He writes in a clear, friendly style that progresses step-by-step through all of the major database topics. Each chapter begins with a story about a real company's database application, and is packed with examples. When students finish the text, they will be able to immediately apply what they've learned in business. Zusammenfassung This lean, focused text concentrates on giving students a clear understanding of database fundamentals while providing a broad survey of all the major topics of the field. The result is a text that is easily covered in one semester, and that only includes topics relevant to the database course.Mark Gillenson, an associate editor of the Journal of Database Management, has 15 years experience of working with and teaching at IBM Corp. and 15 years of teaching experience at the college level. He writes in a clear, friendly style that progresses step-by-step through all of the major database topics. Each chapter begins with a story about a real company's database application, and is packed with examples. When students finish the text, they will be able to immediately apply what they've learned in business. Inhaltsverzeichnis Preface xiiiAbout The Author xviiCHAPTER 1 DATA: THE NEW CORPORATE RESOURCE 1Introduction 2The History of Data 2The Origins of Data 2Data Through the Ages 5Early Data Problems Spawn Calculating Devices 7Swamped with Data 8Modern Data Storage Media 9Data in Today's Information Systems Environment 12Using Data for Competitive Advantage 12Problems in Storing and Accessing Data 12Data as a Corporate Resource 13The Database Environment 14Summary 15CHAPTER 2 DATA MODELING 19Introduction 20Binary Relationships 20What is a Binary Relationship? 20Cardinality 23Modality 24More About Many-to-Many Relationships 25Unary Relationships 28One-to-One Unary Relationship 28One-to-Many Unary Relationship 29Many-to-Many Unary Relationship 29Ternary Relationships 31Example: The General Hardware Company 31Example: Good Reading Book Stores 34Example: World Music Association 35Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car 36Summary 37CHAPTER 3 THE DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CONCEPT 41Introduction 42Data Before Database Management 43Records and Files 43Basic Concepts in Storing and Retrieving Data 46The Database Concept 48Data as a Manageable Resource 48Data Integration and Data Redundancy 49Multiple Relationships 56Data Control Issues 58Data Independence 60DBMS Approaches 60Summary 63CHAPTER 4 RELATIONAL DATA RETRIEVAL: SQL 67Introduction 68Data Retrieval with the SQL SELECT Command 68Introduction to the SQL SELECT Command 68Basic Functions 70Built-In Functions 81Grouping Rows 83The Join 85Subqueries 86A Strategy for Writing SQL SELECT Commands 89Example: Good Reading Book Stores 90Example: World Music Association 92Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car 95Relational Query Optimizer 97Relational DBMS Performance 97Relational Query Optimizer Concepts 97Summary 99CHAPTER 5 THE RELATIONAL DATABASE MODEL: INTRODUCTION 105Introduction 106The Relational Database Concept 106Relational Terminology 106Primary and Candidate Keys 109Foreign Keys and Binary Relationships 111Data Retrieval from a Relational Database 124Extracting Data from a Relation 124The Relational Select Operator 125The Relational Project Operator 125Combination of the Relational Select and Project Operators...

List of contents

Preface xiiiAbout The Author xviiCHAPTER 1 DATA: THE NEW CORPORATE RESOURCE 1Introduction 2The History of Data 2The Origins of Data 2Data Through the Ages 5Early Data Problems Spawn Calculating Devices 7Swamped with Data 8Modern Data Storage Media 9Data in Today's Information Systems Environment 12Using Data for Competitive Advantage 12Problems in Storing and Accessing Data 12Data as a Corporate Resource 13The Database Environment 14Summary 15CHAPTER 2 DATA MODELING 19Introduction 20Binary Relationships 20What is a Binary Relationship? 20Cardinality 23Modality 24More About Many-to-Many Relationships 25Unary Relationships 28One-to-One Unary Relationship 28One-to-Many Unary Relationship 29Many-to-Many Unary Relationship 29Ternary Relationships 31Example: The General Hardware Company 31Example: Good Reading Book Stores 34Example: World Music Association 35Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car 36Summary 37CHAPTER 3 THE DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CONCEPT 41Introduction 42Data Before Database Management 43Records and Files 43Basic Concepts in Storing and Retrieving Data 46The Database Concept 48Data as a Manageable Resource 48Data Integration and Data Redundancy 49Multiple Relationships 56Data Control Issues 58Data Independence 60DBMS Approaches 60Summary 63CHAPTER 4 RELATIONAL DATA RETRIEVAL: SQL 67Introduction 68Data Retrieval with the SQL SELECT Command 68Introduction to the SQL SELECT Command 68Basic Functions 70Built-In Functions 81Grouping Rows 83The Join 85Subqueries 86A Strategy for Writing SQL SELECT Commands 89Example: Good Reading Book Stores 90Example: World Music Association 92Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car 95Relational Query Optimizer 97Relational DBMS Performance 97Relational Query Optimizer Concepts 97Summary 99CHAPTER 5 THE RELATIONAL DATABASE MODEL: INTRODUCTION 105Introduction 106The Relational Database Concept 106Relational Terminology 106Primary and Candidate Keys 109Foreign Keys and Binary Relationships 111Data Retrieval from a Relational Database 124Extracting Data from a Relation 124The Relational Select Operator 125The Relational Project Operator 125Combination of the Relational Select and Project Operators 126Extracting Data Across Multiple Relations: Data Integration 127Example: Good Reading Book Stores 129Example: World Music Association 130Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car 132Summary 132CHAPTER 6 THE RELATIONAL DATABASE MODEL: ADDITIONAL CONCEPTS 137Introduction 138Relational Structures for Unary and Ternary Relationships 139Unary One-to-Many Relationships 139Unary Many-to-Many Relationships 143Ternary Relationships 146Referential Integrity 150The Referential Integrity Concept 150Three Delete Rules 152Summary 153CHAPTER 7 LOGICAL DATABASE DESIGN 157Introduction 158Converting E-R Diagrams into Relational Tables 158Introduction 158Converting a Simple Entity 158Converting Entities in Binary Relationships 160Converting Entities in Unary Relationships 164Converting Entities in Ternary Relationships 166Designing the General Hardware Co. Database 166Designing the Good Reading Bookstores Database 170Designing the World Music Association Database 171Designing the Lucky Rent-A-Car Database 173The Data Normalization Process 174Introduction to the Data Normalization Technique 175Steps in the Data Normalization Process 177Example: General Hardware Co. 185Example: Good Reading Bookstores 186Example: World Music Association 188Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car 188Testing Tables Converted from E-R Diagrams with Data Normalization 189Building the Data Structure with SQL 191Manipulating the Data with SQL 192Summary 193CHAPTER 8 PHYSICAL DATABASE DESIGN 199Introduction 200Disk Storage 202The Need for Disk Storage 202How Disk Storage Works 203File Organizations and Access Methods 207The Goal: Locating a Record 207The Index 207Hashed Files 215Inputs to Physical Database Design 218The Tables Produced by the Logical Database Design Process 219Business Environment Requirements 219Data Characteristics 219Application Characteristics 220Operational Requirements: Data Security, Backup, and Recovery 220Physical Database Design Techniques 221Adding External Features 221Reorganizing Stored Data 224Splitting a Table into Multiple Tables 226Changing Attributes in a Table 227Adding Attributes to a Table 228Combining Tables 230Adding New Tables 232Example: Good Reading Book Stores 233Example: World Music Association 234Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car 235Summary 237CHAPTER 9 OBJECT-ORIENTED DATABASE MANAGEMENT 247Introduction 248Terminology 250Complex Relationships 251Generalization 251Inheritance of Attributes 253Operations, Inheritance of Operations, and Polymorphism 254Aggregation 255The General Hardware Co. Class Diagram 256The Good Reading Bookstores Class Diagram 256The World Music Association Class Diagram 259The Lucky Rent-A-Vehicle Class Diagram 260Encapsulation 260Abstract Data Types 262Object/Relational Database 263Summary 264CHAPTER 10 DATA ADMINISTRATION, DATABASE ADMINISTRATION, AND DATA DICTIONARIES 269Introduction 270The Advantages of Data and Database Administration 271Data as a Shared Corporate Resource 271Efficiency in Job Specialization 272Operational Management of Data 273Managing Externally Acquired Databases 273Managing Data in the Decentralized Environment 274The Responsibilities of Data Administration 274Data Coordination 274Data Planning 275Data Standards 275Liaison to Systems Analysts and Programmers 276Training 276Arbitration of Disputes and Usage Authorization 277Documentation and Publicity 277Data's Competitive Advantage 277The Responsibilities of Database Administration 278DBMS Performance Monitoring 278DBMS Troubleshooting 278DBMS Usage and Security Monitoring 279Data Dictionary Operations 279DBMS Data and Software Maintenance 280Database Design 280Data Dictionaries 281Introduction 281A Simple Example of Metadata 282Passive and Active Data Dictionaries 284Relational DBMS Catalogs 287Data Repositories 287Summary 287CHAPTER 11 DATABASE CONTROL ISSUES: SECURITY, BACKUP AND RECOVERY, CONCURRENCY 291Introduction 292Data Security 293The Importance of Data Security 293Types of Data Security Breaches 294Methods of Breaching Data Security 294Types of Data Security Measures 296Backup and Recovery 303The Importance of Backup and Recovery 303Backup Copies and Journals 303Forward Recovery 304Backward Recovery 305Duplicate or ''Mirrored'' Databases 306Disaster Recovery 306Concurrency Control 308The Importance of Concurrency Control 308The Lost Update Problem 308Locks and Deadlock 309Versioning 310Summary 311CHAPTER 12 CLIENT/SERVER DATABASE AND DISTRIBUTED DATABASE 315Introduction 316Client/Server Databases 316Distributed Database 321The Distributed Database Concept 321Concurrency Control in Distributed Databases 325Distributed Joins 327Partitioning or Fragmentation 329Distributed Directory Management 330Distributed DBMSs: Advantages and Disadvantages 331Summary 332CHAPTER 13 THE DATA WAREHOUSE 335Introduction 336The Data Warehouse Concept 338The Data is Subject Oriented 338The Data is Integrated 339The Data is Non-Volatile 339The Data is Time Variant 339The Data Must Be High Quality 340The Data May Be Aggregated 340The Data is Often Denormalized 340The Data is Not Necessarily Absolutely Current 341Types of Data Warehouses 341The Enterprise Data Warehouse (EDW) 342The Data Mart (DM) 342Which to Choose: The EDW, the DM, or Both? 342Designing a Data Warehouse 343Introduction 343General Hardware Co. Data Warehouse 344Good Reading Bookstores Data Warehouse 348Lucky Rent-A-Car Data Warehouse 350What About a World Music Association Data Warehouse? 351Building a Data Warehouse 352Introduction 352Data Extraction 352Data Cleaning 354Data Transformation 356Data Loading 356Using a Data Warehouse 357On-Line Analytic Processing 357Data Mining 357Administering a Data Warehouse 360Challenges in Data Warehousing 361Summary 362CHAPTER 14 DATABASES AND THE INTERNET 365Introduction 366Database Connectivity Issues 367Expanded Set of Data Types 373Database Control Issues 374Performance 374Availability 375Scalability 376Security and Privacy 376Data Extraction into XML 379Summary 381INDEX 385

Product details

• Authors: Mark L. Gillenson, Mark L. (University of Memphis) Gillenson, ML Gillenson, Gillenson Mark L.
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 26.10.2012
• EAN: 9780470624708
• ISBN: 978-0-470-62470-8
• No. of pages: 416
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > IT, data processing > IT; Datenbank, Informatik, computer science, Database & Data Warehousing Technologies, Datenbanken u. Data Warehousing