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In the post era of the Z and W discovery, after the observation of Jets at UA1 and UA2 at CERN, John Ellis visioned at a HEP conference at Lake Tahoe, California in 1983 "To proceed with high energy particle physics, one has to tag the avour of the quarks!" This statement re ects the need for a highly precise tracking device, being able to resolve secondary and tertiary vertices within high-particle densities. Since the d- tance between the primary interaction point and the secondary vertex is proportional tothelifetimeoftheparticipatingparticle,itisanexcellentquantitytoidentifypar- cle avour in a very fast and precise way. In colliding beam experiments this method was applied especially to tag the presence of b quarks within particle jets. It was rst introduced in the DELPHI experiment at LEP but soon followed by all collider - periments to date. The long expected t quark discovery was possible mainly with the help of the CDF silicon vertex tracker, providing the b quark information. In the beginning of the 21st century the new LHC experiments are beginning to take 2 shape. CMS with its 206m of silicon area is perfectly suited to cope with the high luminosity environment. Even larger detectors are envisioned for the far future, like the SiLC project for the International Linear Collider. Silicon sensors matured from small 1in. single-sided devices to large 6in. double-sided, double metal detectors and to 6in. single-sided radiation hard sensors.
List of contents
Basic Principles of a Silicon Detector.- First Steps with Silicon Sensors: NA11 (Proof of Principle).- The DELPHI Microvertex Detector at LEP.- CDF, the World's Largest Silicon Detector in the 20th Century; the First Silicon Detector at a Hadron Collider.- CMS, Increasing Size by two Orders of Magnitude.- Continuing the Story: Detectors for the SLHC and the ILC.- Conclusion and Outlook.
About the author
Frank Hartmann arbeitet als freier Journalist für die Publikums- und Fachpresse. Er recherchiert seit Jahren auf den Gebieten der Wirtschaftsspionage und der Computerkriminalität, kennt Behörden, Betroffene und Hacker.§
Summary
This informative book describes the technological evolution of silicon detectors and their impact on high- energy particle physics. The author draws on his own first-hand experience in the development and also the realization of the DELPHI, CDF II and the CMS tracking detector. The basic principles of small strip- and pixel-detectors are presented and also the final large-scale applications. The text acquaints readers with the manifold challenges in designing sensors and pushing sensor technology to the limits. The expert will find critical information that is so far only available in various slide presentation scattered over the worldwide web. This practical introduction of silicon sensor technology and its day to day life in the lab offers many examples illustrating problems and their solutions over several detector generations.
