"The arrival of European settlers in the Americas disrupted indigenous lifeways, and the effects of colonialism shattered Native communities. Forced migration and human trafficking created a diaspora of cultures, languages, and people. Gregory D. Smithers and Brooke N. Newman have gathered the work of leading scholars, including Bill Anthes, Duane Champagne, Daniel Cobb, Donald Fixico, and Joy Porter, among others, in examining an expansive range of Native peoples and the extent of their influences through reaggregation. These diverse and wide-ranging essays uncover indigenous understandings of self-identification, community, and culture through the speeches, cultural products, intimate relations, and political and legal practices of Native peoples. Native Diasporas explores how indigenous peoples forged a sense of identity and community amid the changes wrought by European colonialism in the Caribbean, the Pacific Islands, and the mainland Americas from the seventeenth through the twentieth century. Broad in scope and groundbreaking in the topics it explores, this volume presents fresh insights from scholars devoted to understanding Native American identity in meaningful and methodologically innovative ways"--
List of Illustrations
Preface
Brooke N. Newman and Gregory D. Smithers
Introduction: “What Is an Indian?”—The Enduring Question of American Indian Identity
Gregory D. Smithers
Part 1. Adapting Indigenous Identities for the Colonial Diaspora
1. Indigenous Identities in Mesoamerica after the Spanish Conquest
Rebecca Horn
2. Rethinking the Middle Ground: French Colonialism and Indigenous Identities in the Pays d’en Haut
Michael A. McDonnell
3. Identity Articulated: British Settlers, Black Caribs, and the Politics of Indigeneity on St. Vincent, 1763–1797
Brooke N. Newman
4. Religion, Race, and the Formation of Pan-Indian Identities in the Brothertown Movement, 1700–1800
Linford D. Fisher
5. “Decoying Them Within”: Creek Gender Identities and the Subversion of Civilization
Felicity Donohoe
Part 2. Asserting Native Identities through Politics, Work, and Migration
6. Mastering Language: Liberty, Slavery, and Native Resistance in the Early Nineteenth-Century South
James Taylor Carson
7. Resistance and Removal: Yaqui and Navajo Identities in the Southwest Borderlands
Claudia B. Haake
8. Progressivism and Native American Self-Expression in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century
Joy Porter
9. Mixed-Descent Indian Identity and Assimilation Policy
Katherine Ellinghaus
10. “All Go to the Hop Fields”: The Role of Migratory and Wage Labor in the Preservation of Indigenous Pacific Northwest Culture
Vera Parham
Part 3. Twentieth-Century Reflections on Indigenous and Pan-Indian Identities
11. Tribal Institution Building in the Twentieth Century
Duane Champagne
12. Disease and the “Other”: The Role of Medical Imperialism in Oceania
Kerri A. Inglis
13. “Why Injun Artist Me”: Acee Blue Eagle’s Diasporic Performative
Bill Anthes
14. Asserting a Global Indigenous Identity: Native Activism Before and After the Cold War
Daniel M. Cobb
15. From Tribal to Indian: American Indian Identity in the Twentieth Century
Donald Fixico
Contributors
Index
About the author
Gregory D. Smithers teaches history at Virginia Commonwealth University. He is the author of three books, including Science, Sexuality, and Race in the United States and Australia, 1780s-1890s. Brooke N. Newman is an assistant professor of history at Virginia Commonwealth University. Her articles have appeared in Gender and History and Slavery and Abolition.
