Read more
This book was developed from the proceedings of the first North American Tannin Conference held in Port. Angeles, Washington, August 1988. The objective of the conference was to bring together people with a common interest in condensed tannins and to promote interdisciplinary interactions that will lead to a better understanding of these important substances. Anot. her objective was the publicat. ion of this book because there has not been a monograph devoted to the chemistry and significance of tannins for several decades. The book is organized into sections dealing with the biosynthesis, structure, re actions, complexation with other biopolymers, biological significance, and use of tannins as specialty chemicals. The authors made a special attempt to focus on what we don't know as well as to provide a summary of what we do know in an effort to assist in planning future research. Our thanks go to the authors who so kindly contributed chapters and so pa tiently responded to our requests. We also thank Rylee Geboski and the Conference Assist. ance Staff, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, for their assistance in planning and conducting t. he conference, and Julia Wilson, Debbie Wolfe, Helen Coletka, and Nancy Greene of the Southern Forest Experiment Station, Pineville, Louisiana, who typed the chapt. ers. Linda Chalker-Scott was especially helpful in assisting us wit. h editing. Dick Hemingway is indebted t. o the staff of the Alexandria Forest.
List of contents
Hemlock and Spruce Tannins: An Odyssey.- Biogenesis.- Tannins - Their Place in Plant Metabolism.- The Enzymology of Proanthocyanidin Biosynthesis.- Biogenesis of Condensed Tannins: An Overview.- Structure.- Structural Variations in Proanthocyanidins and Their Derivatives.- Chemical Nature of Phlobaphenes.- Conformational Analysis of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins.- An Overview of Condensed Tannin Structure.- Analytical Methods.- Chromatography of Proanthocyanidins.- New NMR Experiments Applicable to Structure and Conformational Analysis.- FAB-MS Applications in the Elucidation of Proanthocyanidin Structures.- Analytical Methods: An Overview.- Reactions.- MNDO Molecular Orbital Analyses of Models for Proanthocyanidin-Methylolphenol Reactions.- Reactions at the A-Ring of Proanthocyanidins.- Chemistry of the Condensed Tannin B-Ring.- Reactions at the Interflavanoid Bond of Proanthocyanidins.- Base-Catalyzed Pyran Rearrangements of Profisetinidins.- Key Reactions in Developing Uses for Condensed Tannins: An Overview.- Complexation.- Carbohydrate - Polyphenol Complexation.- Chemistry of Tannin-Protein Complexation.- Interaction of Condensed Tannins with Biopolymers.- Biological Significance.- Microscopic Studies of Tannin Formation and Distribution in Plant Tissues.- Condensed Tannins in Southern Pines and Their Interactions with the Ecosystem.- Effects of Condensed Tannin on Animal Nutrition.- Tannin as a Carcinogen in Bush-Tea: Tea, Mate', and Khat.- Tannin-Insect Interactions.- Are Tannins Resistance Factors against Rust Fungi?.- The Biological Significance of Tannins: An Overview.- Specialty Chemicals.- Tannin-Based Wood Adhesives.- Adhesives Containing Pine Bark Tannin for Bonding Nylon Cord to Rubber.- Using Tannins to Produce Leather.- Condensed Tannins as aSource of Novel Biocides.- Tannins as Specialty Chemicals: An Overview.- Concluding Remarks.- Future Conferences.- Indexes.- Participants.- Author Index.
