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In many cases rheological measurements are carried out in the simplest of geometries, but the interpretation involved in obtaining the rheological parameters of the test fluids from these measurements is surprisingly complex. The purpose of this book is to emphasise the points on which most workers in the field agree, and to let the authors deal with the contentious points according to their own beliefs and experience. This work represents a summary of the current thought on rheological meas urement by experts in the various techniques. When making measurements and obtaining from them parameters that describe the flow behaviour of the test fluids, it is essential that the experimentalist understands the underlying theory and shortcomings of the measurement technique, that he is aware of the likely microstructure of the fluid, and that from this he can appreciate how the fluid and the measuring system will interact with each other. It is this interaction that gives both the required rheological parameters of the fluids and the artefacts that confuse the issue. This book covers the main rheological measurement techniques from capillary, slit and stretching flows to rotational and oscillatory rheometry in various geometries including sliding plate measurements. These topics are backed up by chapters on more practical aspects, such as commercial instruments, and on computer control and data acquisition. The chapters deal with the basic methods, how the measurements are taken, and what assumptions and interpretations are made to obtain valid data on the test fluids.
List of contents
1. Capillary Rheometry.- 2. Slit Rheometry.- 3. Converging Dies.- 4. Recoverable Elastic Strain and Swelling Ratio.- 5. Viscous Heating.- 6. Computer Control and Data Processing in Extrusion Rheometers.- 7. Commercial Instruments.- 8. Elongational Rheometers.- 9. Rotational Viscometry.- 10. Oscillatory Rheometry.- 11. Normal Stress Differences from Hole Pressure Measurements.- 12. Sliding Plate and Sliding Cylinder Rheometers.- 13. Commercial Rotational Instruments.- 14. Flow Visualisation in Rheometry.- 15. The Rheology of Two-Phase Flows.- 16. Mathematical Modelling of Two-Phase Flows.
