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Between 1880 and 1914 several million Eastern Europeans migrated West. Much is known about the immigration experience of Jews, Poles, Greeks, and others, notably in the United States. Yet, little is known about the paths of mass migration across "green borders" via European railway stations and ports to destinations in other continents. Ellis Island, literally a point of passage into America, has a much higher symbolic significance than the often inconspicuous departure stations, makeshift facilities for migrant masses at European railway stations and port cities, and former control posts along borders that were redrawn several times during the twentieth century. This volume focuses on the journeys of Jews from Eastern Europe through Germany, Britain, and Scandinavia between 1880 and 1914. The authors investigate various aspects of transmigration including medical controls, travel conditions, and the role of the steamship lines; and also review the rise of migration restrictions around the globe in the decades before 1914.
List of contents
List of Figures and Tables
Acknowledgements
List of Contributors
Points of Passage: Reexamining Jewish Migrations from Eastern Europe after 1880
Tobias Brinkmann Part I: Medicalization of Borders Chapter 1. "[G]erms of anarchy, crime, disease and degeneracy": Jewish Migration to the United States and the Medicalization of European Borders around 1900
Barbara Lüthi Part II: Transit through Scandinavia, Germany, and Britain Chapter 2. Immigrants or Transmigrants? Eastern European Jews in Sweden, 1860-1914
Carl Henrik Carlsson Chapter 3. Emigrant Trains: Jewish Migration through Prussia and American "Remote Control," 1880-1914
Nicole Kvale Eilers Chapter 4. Transmigrants between Legal Restrictions and Private Charity: The Jews' Temporary Shelter in London, 1885-1939
Klaus Weber Part III: Atlantic Passages Chapter 5. The Improvement of Travel Conditions for Migrants Crossing the North Atlantic, 1900-1914
Drew Keeling Chapter 6. Russian-Jewish Transmigration and Scandinavian Shipping Companies: The Case of DFDS and the Atlantic Rate War of 1904-05
Per Kristian Sebak Chapter 7. The Boys and Girls Not from Brazil: From Russia to Rio and Back Again Via Southampton and Hamburg, 1878-1880
Tony Kushner Bibliography
About the author
Tobias Brinkmann is the Malvin and Lea Bank Associate Professor of Jewish Studies and History at Penn State University. His recent publications include Sundays at Sinai: A Jewish Congregation in Chicago (University of Chicago Press, 2012); Migration und Transnationalität: Perspektiven deutsch-jüdischer Geschichte (Schöningh, 2012); and “Why Paul Nathan Attacked Albert Ballin: The Transatlantic Mass Migration and the Privatization of Prussia’s Eastern Border Inspection, 1886–1914,” Central European History (2010).
Summary
Between 1880 and 1914 several million Eastern Europeans migrated West. Much is known about the immigration experience of Jews, Poles, Greeks, and others, notably in the United States. Yet, little is known about the paths of mass migration across “green borders” via European railway stations and ports to destinations in other continents. Ellis Island, literally a point of passage into America, has a much higher symbolic significance than the often inconspicuous departure stations, makeshift facilities for migrant masses at European railway stations and port cities, and former control posts along borders that were redrawn several times during the twentieth century. This volume focuses on the journeys of Jews from Eastern Europe through Germany, Britain, and Scandinavia between 1880 and 1914. The authors investigate various aspects of transmigration including medical controls, travel conditions, and the role of the steamship lines; and also review the rise of migration restrictions around the globe in the decades before 1914.
Additional text
“This slim volume is packed with facts and insights into a little known subject, which has recently, however, been the object of much research.” · Journal of Borderlands Studies
“This is a major contribution to our understanding of a process which in a few decades radically transformed the geography of the Jewish world.” · Antony Polonsky,United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and Brandeis University
“This volume will prove to be a very valuable addition to the growing literature on Eastern European migrations as a passage into Western Europe and beyond between 1880 and World War II.” · Dorothee Schneider, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
“[In this volume] migration takes a novel point of departure: a focus on the phenomenon of transmigrants as a key to understanding wider patterns of migration…The scholars contributing to this volume of essays concretize in rich detail, as we as readers and students of the subject have never really been able to do before, what trans-Atlantic migration actually felt like to those involved. The departure of Brinkmann and his colleagues from older migration studies models is striking.” · Eli Lederhendler, Stephen S. Wise Professor of American Jewish History and Institutions, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
