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Informationen zum Autor WILLIAM F. EGAN, PHD, is a lecturer in electrical engineering at Santa Clara University, California. Formerly, he was a principal engineer at TRW ESL and a senior technologist at GTE Government Systems. Klappentext THE LATEST FREQUENCY SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES, INCLUDING SIGMA-DELTA, DIOPHANTINE, AND ALL-DIGITAL Sigma-delta is a frequency synthesis technique that has risen in popularity over the past decade due to its intensely digital nature and its ability to promote miniaturization. A continuation of the popular Frequency Synthesis by Phase Lock, Second Edition, this timely resource provides a broad introduction to sigma-delta by pairing practical simulation results with cutting-edge research. Advanced Frequency Synthesis by Phase Lock discusses both sigma-delta and fractional-n?the still-in-use forerunner to sigma-delta?employing Simulink® models and detailed simulations of results to promote a deeper understanding. After a brief introduction, the book shows how spurs are produced at the synthesizer output by the basic process and different methods for overcoming them. It investigates how various defects in sigma-delta synthesis contribute to spurs or noise in the synthesized signal. Synthesizer configurations are analyzed, and it is revealed how to trade off the various noise sources by choosing loop parameters. Other sigma-delta synthesis architectures are then reviewed. The Simulink simulation models that provided data for the preceding discussions are described, providing guidance in making use of such models for further exploration. Next, another method for achieving wide loop bandwidth simultaneously with fine resolution?the Diophantine Frequency Synthesizer?is introduced. Operation at extreme bandwidths is also covered, further describing the analysis of synthesizers that push their bandwidths close to the sampling-frequency limit. Lastly, the book reviews a newly important technology that is poised to become widely used in high-production consumer electronics?all-digital frequency synthesis. Detailed appendices provide in-depth discussion on various stages of development, and many related resources are available for download, including Simulink models, MATLAB® scripts, spreadsheets, and executable programs. All these features make this authoritative reference ideal for electrical engineers who want to achieve an understanding of sigma-delta frequency synthesis and an awareness of the latest developments in the field. Zusammenfassung The latest frequency synthesis techniques, including sigma-delta, Diophantine, and all-digital Sigma-delta is a frequency synthesis technique that has risen in popularity over the past decade due to its intensely digital nature and its ability to promote miniaturization. Inhaltsverzeichnis Preface xv Symbols List and Glossary xix 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Phase-Locked Synthesizer 2 1.2 Fractional-N Frequency Synthesis 3 1.3 Representing a Change in Divide Number 3 1.4 Units 5 1.5 Representing Phase Noise 5 1.6 Phase Noise at the Synthesizer Output 7 1.7 Observing the Output Spectrum 7 2 Fractional-N and Basic ¿¿ Synthesizers 9 2.1 First-Order Fractional-N 9 2.1.1 Canceling Quantization Noise 11 2.1.2 Cancellation with a PFD 13 2.1.3 Cancellation Techniques 15 2.1.4 Spectrum without Cancellation 16 2.1.5 Influence of N 17 2.2 Second-Order Fractional-N 17 2.2.1 Purpose 17 2.2.2 Form 18 2.2.3 Performance 19 2.2.4 Interpreting the Spectrum 21 2.3 Higher Order Fractional-N 24 2.3.1 Constant Sampling Rate 25 2.3.2 Noise Shaping Versus Cancellation 28 2.3.3 Effect of a Varying Sampling Rate 28 2.4 Spectrums with Constant Sampling Rate 31 2.4.1 100.625 MHz with Zero Initial Condition 31 2.4...
