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Informationen zum Autor Professor Halldor Thormar, Emeritus Professor, Institute of Biology, University of Iceland Professor Thormar has studied the antimicrobial effects of lipids for over 25 years, with more than 100 publications in the field. Klappentext Lipids and essential oils have strong antimicrobial properties - they kill or inhibit the growth of microbes such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. They are being studied for use in the prevention and treatment of infections, as potential disinfectants, and for their preservative and antimicrobial properties when formulated as pharmaceuticals, in food products, and in cosmetics. Lipids and Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents is a comprehensive review of the scientific knowledge in this field. International experts provide summaries on: antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activities of lipids membranes as targets of antimicrobial lipids antimicrobial lipids in milk antimicrobial lipids of the skin and tear film antimicrobial lipids and innate immunity lipids as active ingredients in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and health foods antimicrobial lipids as disinfectants, antiseptics and sanitizers the chemistry and bioactivity of essential oils antiviral effects of plant-derived essential oils and pure oil components antibacterial and antifungal activities of essential oils Lipids and Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents is an essential guide to this important topic for researchers and advanced students in academia and research working in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food sciences, biochemistry and natural products chemistry, microbiology; and for health care scientists and professionals working in the fields of public health and infectious diseases. It will also be of interest to anyone concerned about health issues and particularly to those who are conscious of the benefits of health food and natural products. Zusammenfassung Due to their strong antimicrobial properties, lipids and essential oils are being studied for use in prevention and treatment of infections, as potential disinfectants, and for their preservative and antimicrobial properties as pharmaceuticals and in food products and cosmetics. Inhaltsverzeichnis List of Contributors xi Introduction xiii 1 Membranes as Targets of Antimicrobial Lipids 1 Peter J. Quinn 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 Oil and Water Don't Mix! 2 1.3 Polar Lipids 3 1.3.1 The Amphiphilic Character of Polar Lipids 3 1.3.2 Hydrophobic Constituents of Lipids 4 1.3.3 Polar Groups of Complex Lipids 5 1.4 Properties of Surfactants 7 1.4.1 Critical Micelle Concentration 7 1.4.2 Aggregation of Surface-Active Molecules 8 1.4.3 The Influence of Solvent 9 1.5 Cell Membranes 11 1.5.1 Membrane Lipids 11 1.5.2 Lipid Domains in Membranes 13 1.5.3 Membrane Proteins 15 1.5.4 Membrane Stability 15 1.5.4.1 Membrane Lipid Phase Behaviour 17 1.5.4.2 Membrane Lipid Homeostasis in Homoiothermic Organisms 18 1.5.4.3 Membrane Lipid Adaption in Poikilothermic Organisms 19 1.6 The Action of Antimicrobial Lipids on Cell Membranes 20 1.7 Conclusions 21 Acknowledgements 21 References 22 2 Antibacterial Effects of Lipids: Historical Review (1881 to 1960) 25 Halldor Thormar 2.1 Introduction 25 2.2 Antibacterial Activity of Soaps 26 2.2.1 Antibacterial Action of Fatty Acids and Their Derivatives 29 2.3 Inhibition of Lipids and Serum Albumin against the Antibacterial Action of Soaps 33 2.4 Diverse Actions of Fatty Acids and Their Salts on Bacteria 34 2.5 The Nature of the Bactericidal Action of Fatty Acids 36 2.6 A Possible Role of Soaps and Fatty Acids in Host Defence against Bacteria 38 2.7 Studies of Prophylacti...
