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This book is based on the contributions to the IFAC-Workshop "Mass Spectro metry in Biotechnological Process Analysis and Control" held in Graz, Austria from 23 to 24 October 1986. The idea to organize this workshop and further to prepare these proceedings was stimulated by the following facts. Biotechnological processes urgently need better on-line instrumentation. Mass spectrometry (MS) offers a great potential to especially analyse gases and volatile compounds. It is, however, considered that this potential by far is not exhausted. The main reason for this is that MS often still is considered to be a very expensive technique requiring the permanent attention of a MS expert. In addition methods have not yet been developed to a user friendly state. On-line MS-methods are available to a certain extent, but need further development. To stimulate such development an interdisciplinary effort is necessary. Needs of industrial and university users and experience of physicists and instrument manufacturers have to be brought into a hopefully fruitful discussion. An introductory article describes the bioprocess background including a brief summary of the state of the art in bioprocess sensor and parameter estimation development, and the potential MS offers for bioprocess monitoring. In the first chapter on "Instrumentation and Gas Analysis" a general overview on some developments in MS-instrumentation is given initially by Schmid. Then the presently available instrumentation for bioprocess monitoring is discussed by instrument manufacturers (Winter; Schaefer and Schultis; Bartman).
List of contents
Instrumentation and Gas Analysis.- Developments in Mass Spectrometric Instrumentation Relevant to Biotechnology.- The Application of Single Detector Magnetic Sector Mass Spectrometer Systems in Fermentation Off-Gas and Liquid Analysis.- A Micro-Processor Controlled Multiple Inlet System for Mass Spectrometers in Biotechnology.- The Application of a Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer to Biotechnology Process Control.- Membrane Inlet Systems.- Membrane Inlets for On-Line Liquid-Phase Mass Spectrometric Measurements in Bioreactors.- Optimisation of a MS-Membrane Probe for the Measurement of Acetoin and Butanediol.- Methanogenesis in the Rumen: Mass Spectrometric Monitoring.- Gas Analysis and Membrane Probes: Round Table Discussion.- Applications and Computer Control.- Application of MS to Industrial Fermentation.- Characterization of Bioreactors by Mass Spectrometry Analysis.- Methanogenesis in Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Digesters: Monitoring and Control Based on Dissolved Hydrogen.- On-Line Mass Spectrometry in the Analysis of Eight Gases During the Microbial Oxidation of Gaseous Hydrocarbons.- The Use of Mass Spectrometry in the Screening of Micro-Organisms on Productivity.- Pyrolysis-MS and HPLC-MS Interfacing.- Differentiation of Phage Sensitive and Phage Resistant Streptococcus Cremoris Strains by Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry and Discriminant Analysis of the Cell Walls.- Development of an On-Line Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry System for the On-Line Analysis of Fermentations.- Developments in HPLC-MS Interfacing.- Mass Spectrometry for Control of Fermentation: Round Table Discussion.- List of Participants and Speakers.
