Understanding Solids - The Science of Materials

Klappentext Praise for the First Edition"Tilley offers an extremely wide-ranging useful book that is accessible to anyone with a firm grasp of high school science...this is an outstanding and affordable resource for the lifelong learner or current student."--Choice, June 2005"invaluable as a source of information on a wide range of materials."--Materials World, August 2005Extensive new coverage of:* Computational science and engineering* Nanoscale properties* Point defects* Advances in crystallography related topicsThere have been radical developments in the study of solid state materials over the past 10 years - think batteries, solar cells, graphene, carbon nanotubes - and this new edition has been meticulously updated to reflect these advances. Retaining the structure of the highly- egarded first edition, it contains five parts covering: structures and microstructures; classes of materials; reactions and transformations; physical properties; and nuclear properties of solids.Each chapter is self-contained to encourage student understanding and to reinforce key concepts, and includes further reading, problems and exercises. Additional resources are available online, including supplementary material, colour figures, solutions to the introductory questions, and problems and exercises.Equally accessible to both science and engineering students, Understanding Solids, Second Edition provides an invaluable foundation in the physical and chemical properties of solids, and is essential for those studying materials science, physics, chemistry and engineering.New Topics Include* Lithium-air batteries* Flexoelectricity* Crystal field effects* Photoinduced magnetism* Dye sensitized solar cells* Zero thermal expanding solids* Radio-isotope dating* Computer simulations* Quasicrystals* Piezoelectricity* Cuprate superconductors Zusammenfassung Hailed by the reviews as an extremely wide-ranging, useful book, this book provides a modern introduction to the chemistry and physics of solids. It offers a unique integrated approach, equally accessible to scientists and engineers. Inhaltsverzeichnis Preface to the Second Edition xviiPreface to the First Edition xixPART 1 STRUCTURES AND MICROSTRUCTURES 11 The electron structure of atoms 31.1 The hydrogen atom 31.2 Many-electron atoms 71.3 Atomic energy levels 11Further reading 15Problems and exercises 162 Chemical bonding 192.1 Ionic bonding 192.2 Covalent bonding 242.3 Metallic bonding and energy bands 35Further reading 45Problems and exercises 463 States of aggregation 493.1 Weak chemical bonds 493.2 Macrostructures, microstructures and nanostructures 523.3 The development of microstructures 573.4 Point defects 603.5 Linear, planar and volume defects 68Further reading 73Problems and exercises 734 Phase diagrams 774.1 Phases and phase diagrams 774.2 Binary phase diagrams 804.3 The iron-carbon system near to iron 884.4 Ternary systems 904.5 Calculation of phase diagrams: CALPHAD 93Further reading 94Problems and exercises 945 Crystallography and crystal structures 1015.1 Crystallography 1015.2 The determination of crystal structures 1145.3 Crystal structures 1185.4 Structural relationships 126Further reading 131Problems and exercises 131PART 2 CLASSES OF MATERIALS 1376 Metals, ceramics, polymers and composites 1396.1 Metals 1396.2 Ceramics 1476.3 Silicate glasses 1546.4 Polymers 1616.5 Composite materials 177Further reading 181Problems and exercises 182PART 3 REACTIONS AND TRANSFORMATIONS 1897 Diffusion and ionic conductivity 1917.1 Self-diffusion, tracer diffusion and tracer impurity diffusion 1917.2 Non-steady-state diffusion 1947.3 Steady-state diffusion 1957.4 Temperature variation of diffusion coefficient 1957.5 The effect of impurities 1967.6 Random walk diffusion 1977.7 Diffusion in solids 1987.8 Self-diffusion in one dimensi...

List of contents

Preface to the Second Edition xvii
 
Preface to the First Edition xix
 
PART 1 STRUCTURES AND MICROSTRUCTURES 1
 
1 The electron structure of atoms 3
 
1.1 The hydrogen atom 3
 
1.2 Many-electron atoms 7
 
1.3 Atomic energy levels 11
 
Further reading 15
 
Problems and exercises 16
 
2 Chemical bonding 19
 
2.1 Ionic bonding 19
 
2.2 Covalent bonding 24
 
2.3 Metallic bonding and energy bands 35
 
Further reading 45
 
Problems and exercises 46
 
3 States of aggregation 49
 
3.1 Weak chemical bonds 49
 
3.2 Macrostructures, microstructures and nanostructures 52
 
3.3 The development of microstructures 57
 
3.4 Point defects 60
 
3.5 Linear, planar and volume defects 68
 
Further reading 73
 
Problems and exercises 73
 
4 Phase diagrams 77
 
4.1 Phases and phase diagrams 77
 
4.2 Binary phase diagrams 80
 
4.3 The iron-carbon system near to iron 88
 
4.4 Ternary systems 90
 
4.5 Calculation of phase diagrams: CALPHAD 93
 
Further reading 94
 
Problems and exercises 94
 
5 Crystallography and crystal structures 101
 
5.1 Crystallography 101
 
5.2 The determination of crystal structures 114
 
5.3 Crystal structures 118
 
5.4 Structural relationships 126
 
Further reading 131
 
Problems and exercises 131
 
PART 2 CLASSES OF MATERIALS 137
 
6 Metals, ceramics, polymers and composites 139
 
6.1 Metals 139
 
6.2 Ceramics 147
 
6.3 Silicate glasses 154
 
6.4 Polymers 161
 
6.5 Composite materials 177
 
Further reading 181
 
Problems and exercises 182
 
PART 3 REACTIONS AND TRANSFORMATIONS 189
 
7 Diffusion and ionic conductivity 191
 
7.1 Self-diffusion, tracer diffusion and tracer impurity diffusion 191
 
7.2 Non-steady-state diffusion 194
 
7.3 Steady-state diffusion 195
 
7.4 Temperature variation of diffusion coefficient 195
 
7.5 The effect of impurities 196
 
7.6 Random walk diffusion 197
 
7.7 Diffusion in solids 198
 
7.8 Self-diffusion in one dimension 199
 
7.9 Self-diffusion in crystals 201
 
7.10 The Arrhenius equation and point defects 202
 
7.11 Correlation factors for self-diffusion 204
 
7.12 Ionic conductivity 205
 
Further reading 209
 
Problems and exercises 209
 
8 Phase transformations and reactions 213
 
8.1 Sintering 213
 
8.2 First-order and second-order phase transitions 216
 
8.3 Displacive and reconstructive transitions 218
 
8.4 Order-disorder transitions 221
 
8.5 Martensitic transformations 223
 
8.6 Phase diagrams and microstructures 230
 
8.7 High-temperature oxidation of metals 236
 
8.8 Solid-state reactions 240
 
Further reading 242
 
Problems and exercises 242
 
9 Oxidation and reduction 247
 
9.1 Galvanic cells 247
 
9.2 Chemical analysis using galvanic cells 251
 
9.3 Batteries 255
 
9.4 Corrosion 262
 
9.5 Electrolysis 266
 
9.6 Pourbaix diagrams 270
 
Further reading 274
 
Problems and exercises 275
 
PART 4 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 279
 
10 Mechanical properties of solids 281
 
10.1 Strength and hardness 281
 
10.2 Elastic moduli 289
 
10.3 Deformation and fracture 295
 
10.4 Time-dependent properties 307
 
10.5 Nanoscale properties 312

Report

"Summing Up: Recommended. Lower-division undergraduates and two-year technical program students." ( Choice , 1 February 2014)

Product details

• Authors: Tilley, Richard J D Tilley, Richard J. D. Tilley, Richard J. D. (Cardiff University) Tilley, RJD Tilley, Tilley Richard J. D.
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 30.04.2013
• EAN: 9781118423288
• ISBN: 978-1-118-42328-8
• No. of pages: 584
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Physics, astronomy > Atomic physics, nuclear physics; Chemie, Physik, Festkörperphysik, Festkörperchemie, chemistry, Physics, Materialwissenschaften, Solid State Physics, Materials science, Allg. Materialwissenschaften, Solid State Chemistry