Fr. 133.20

Environmental Health Law - An Introduction

English · Paperback / Softback

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Informationen zum Autor Russellyn S. Carruth, JD, has developed and taught courses on environmental law to both law and public health students at the New Jersey Graduate Program of Public Health and at the University of Pittsburgh. Previously, she was in private law practice in Anchorage Alaska. Bernard D. Goldstein, MD, is professor emeritus of Environmental and Occupational Health and former dean of the Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh. He served as assistant administrator of the EPA and was the founding director of the Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute of Rutgers University. Klappentext Environmental Health LawEnvironmental Health Law offers a compendium of the major US environmental laws as well as strategies, standards, and enforcement techniques by which American law protects our environment and our health. Written in accessible language for the non-lawyer, this important resource puts the focus on general concepts and demystifies the American legal system by explaining what a law consists of, who makes it, how it is made, and how it is enforced.In this book, Russellyn Carruth and Bernard Goldstein--experts in the field of environmental health law--introduce the major environmental laws that govern air and water pollution; regulate the manufacturing, distribution, uses, and disposal of hazardous substances; protect workers and the workplace; and protect the safety of our drugs, food, and water. The book also addresses issues and controversies in environmental policy with an eye towards understanding future developments in the law. Zusammenfassung This important resource offers a comprehensive overview of the major U.S. environmental laws and approaches, strategies, standards, and enforcement techniques by which American law protects our environment and our health. Written for the non-lawyer, the book puts the spotlight on general concepts that go a long way to demystify the American legal system (what law consists of, who makes it, how it is made, and how it is enforced). The authors also introduce the major environmental laws and evaluate issues, controversies and developments in environmental policy. Inhaltsverzeichnis List of Text Boxes, Figures, and Tables ix Preface xiii The Authors xvii Chapter 1 Overview of the US Legal System 1 The Structure of American Government 2 Separation of Powers: Federal and State 3 Sources of American Law 9 Chapter 2 Transparency and Accountability in the Executive Branch: Judicial Review and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 23 Judicial Review 24 National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 29 Chapter 3 Clean Air Act (CAA) 41 Background 42 Introduction to the Clean Air Act 43 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) 44 Regulating Emissions 48 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) 58 Enforcement 65 Mobile Source Controls 66 Acid Rain Program 68 Cross-Border Air Pollution 71 Greenhouse Gases 72 Chapter 4 Clean Water Act (CWA) 77 Scope and Basics 79 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) 81 Technology-Based Effluent Standards 83 Beyond Technology-Based Standards: Water Quality Safety Net 90 Enforcement 92 Pretreatment Program for Indirect Dischargers 96 Discharges of Fill and Dredged Materials 98 Chapter 5 Safe DrinkingWater Act (SDWA) 107 Who Is Regulated: Public Water Systems 109 What Contaminants Are Regulated? 110 National Drinking Water Regulations 112 Keeping Consumers Informed 116 A Closer Look at Public Water Systems 117 Source Water 120 Enforcement 124 Chapter 6 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability...

List of contents

List of Text Boxes, Figures, and Tables ix
 
Preface xiii
 
The Authors xvii
 
Chapter 1 Overview of the US Legal System 1
 
The Structure of American Government 2
 
Separation of Powers: Federal and State 3
 
Sources of American Law 9
 
Chapter 2 Transparency and Accountability in the Executive Branch: Judicial Review and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 23
 
Judicial Review 24
 
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 29
 
Chapter 3 Clean Air Act (CAA) 41
 
Background 42
 
Introduction to the Clean Air Act 43
 
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) 44
 
Regulating Emissions 48
 
Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) 58
 
Enforcement 65
 
Mobile Source Controls 66
 
Acid Rain Program 68
 
Cross-Border Air Pollution 71
 
Greenhouse Gases 72
 
Chapter 4 Clean Water Act (CWA) 77
 
Scope and Basics 79
 
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) 81
 
Technology-Based Effluent Standards 83
 
Beyond Technology-Based Standards: Water Quality Safety Net 90
 
Enforcement 92
 

Pretreatment Program for Indirect Dischargers 96
 
Discharges of Fill and Dredged Materials 98
 
Chapter 5 Safe DrinkingWater Act (SDWA) 107
 
Who Is Regulated: Public Water Systems 109
 
What Contaminants Are Regulated? 110
 
National Drinking Water Regulations 112
 
Keeping Consumers Informed 116
 
A Closer Look at Public Water Systems 117
 
Source Water 120
 
Enforcement 124
 
Chapter 6 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA or "Superfund Act") 131
 
Overview and Definitions 133
 
Reporting Releases of Hazardous Substances 136
 
Responding to a Release of Hazardous Substances 136
 
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 142
 
The Superfund 145
 
Liability 146
 
Brownfields 152
 
Chapter 7 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) 157
 
What Is a Hazardous Waste? 159
 
Cradle-to-Grave Regulation 163
 
Waste Minimization 172
 
Enforcement 172
 
Underground Storage Tanks 173
 
Chapter 8 Oil Pollution Act (OPA) 179
 
Overview 180
 

Spill Prevention 181
 
Spill Response 182
 
Liability and Penalties 186
 
Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund 189
 
Chapter 9 Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) 193
 
Overview 194
 
Emergency Planning Provisions 196
 
Data Reporting 197
 
Toxic Release Inventory 198
 
Chapter 10 Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) 203
 
Background 205
 
What Are Employers' Duties? 208
 
Health Standards 209
 
Setting Health Standards: Consensus, Permanent,
 
Emergency Temporary 210
 
Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) 214
 
Records and Reporting 218
 
Monitoring and Enforcement 219
 
Chapter 11 Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) 225
 
Scope and Implementation 226
 
New Chemicals Program 228
 
Existing Chemicals 233
 
Significant New Use 235
 
Chapter 12 Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 241
 
Background 242
 
Pesticide Registration Program 245
 
Removing Pesticides from the Market 250
 
Regulation of Pesticide Use 253
 
Nearly Exclusive Federal Control 255
 
Chapter 13 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA) 261
 
Purp

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