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Informationen zum Autor The British Nutrition Foundation is a registered charity. It promotes the wellbeing of society through the impartial interpretation and effective dissemination of scientifically based knowledge and advice on the relationship between diet, physical activity and health. Klappentext This Task Force report reviews the evidence that the seeds of many adult diseases are sown in utero and in infancy. The report, written by experts in the field, summarises current knowledge in this area. It illustrates how early life nutrition can bring about changes in organ development and function, thus programming risk of disease in adult life. It also considers what might be done in early life to reduce the burden of future ill health. Nutrition and Development: Short- and Long-Term Consequences for Health includes chapters on the history of this topic area, normal growth and development, and current recommendations and practice in relation to nutrition and diet in early life. Chapters exploring the possible mechanisms and pathways of critical windows for development cover the effects of diet and nutrition in early life on organ and skeletal development, the role of sex hormones in programming disease susceptibility, the establishment of gastrointestinal microbiota, and the impact of early life nutrition on cognitive and neurological development. This new report: describes how development occurs and explores how changes in the fetal and postnatal environment, such as over- or under-nutrition, can result in permanent alterations in function; explains how diet and nutrition in early life can affect risk of adult disease, with specific chapters on allergic disease and asthma, bone health, cancer, cardiovascular disease, cognitive function, diabetes and obesity; includes a summary of the key points, as well as recommendations in each chapter to help fill the gaps in our knowledge; provides an overview of the main messages in a practical question and answer format suitable for lay readers. Nutrition and Development is an important information resource for those involved in research and teaching in the health sciences sector and will also be of use to those involved in making decisions about health policy. It will be of interest to a broad range of health professionals, the food industry and those who write and broadcast about the effects of food on health. Zusammenfassung This Task Force report reviews the evidence that the seeds of many adult diseases are sown in utero and in infancy. The report! written by experts in the field! summarises current knowledge in this area. Inhaltsverzeichnis Foreword xv Terms of Reference xvi Task Force Membership xvii 1 Introduction to Early Life and Later Disease 1 Dr Siân Robinson 1.1 Environmental influences on development 1 1.2 Links between early life and adult disease 3 1.3 Biological mechanisms 7 1.4 Nutrition of mothers and children 8 1.5 Nutrition of young women today 11 1.6 Key points 11 1.7 Key references 12 2 Normal Growth and Development 13 Professor J. Harry McArdle, Dr Laura A. Wyness and Dr Lorraine Gambling 2.1 Introduction 13 2.2 Prenatal development 13 2.3 Embryo development 16 2.4 Fetal development 16 2.5 Fetal development overview 18 2.6 Birthweight 22 2.7 Postnatal growth and development 24 2.8 Growth monitoring (growth charts) 24 2.9 Secular growth trends 25 2.10 Canalisation, catch-up and catch-down growth 25 2.11 Key points 26 2.12 Recommendations for future research 27 2.13 Key references 27 3 Maternal Nutrition and Infant Feeding: Current Practice and Recommendations 28 Dr Alison M. Lennox, Professor Judith L. Buttriss and Helena J. Gibson-Moore
