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Informationen zum Autor KAILASH C. KAPUR, PHD, is a Professor of Industrial & Systems Engineering at the University of Washington, where he was also the Director from 1993 to 1999. Dr. Kapur has worked with General Motors Research Laboratories as a senior research engineer, Ford Motor Company as a visiting scholar, and the U.S. Army, Tank-Automotive Command as a reliability engineer. He is a Fellow of ASQ and IIE, and a registered professional engineer. MICHAEL G. PECHT, PHD, is the founder of CALCE (Center for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering) at the University of Maryland, which is funded by over 150 of the world's leading electronics companies. He is also a Chair Professor in Mechanical Engineering and a Professor in Applied Mathematics at the University of Maryland. He consults for twenty-two major international electronics companies. Klappentext An Integrated Approach to Product DevelopmentReliability Engineering presents an integrated approach to the design, engineering, and management of reliability activities throughout the life cycle of a product, including concept, research and development, design, manufacturing, assembly, sales, and service. Containing illustrative guides that include worked problems, numerical examples, homework problems, a solutions manual, and class-tested materials, it demonstrates to product development and manufacturing professionals how to distribute key reliability practices throughout an organization.The authors explain how to integrate reliability methods and techniques in the Six Sigma process and Design for Six Sigma (DFSS). They also discuss relationships between warranty and reliability, as well as legal and liability issues. Other topics covered include:* Reliability engineering in the 21st Century* Probability life distributions for reliability analysis* Process control and process capability* Failure modes, mechanisms, and effects analysis* Health monitoring and prognostics* Reliability tests and reliability estimationReliability Engineering provides a comprehensive list of references on the topics covered in each chapter. It is an invaluable resource for those interested in gaining fundamental knowledge of the practical aspects of reliability in design, manufacturing, and testing. In addition, it is useful for implementation and management of reliability programs. Zusammenfassung An Integrated Approach to Product Development Reliability Engineering presents an integrated approach to the design, engineering, and management of reliability activities throughout the life cycle of a product, including concept, research and development, design, manufacturing, assembly, sales, and service. Inhaltsverzeichnis Preface xv 1 Reliability Engineering in the Twenty-First Century 1 1.1 What Is Quality? 1 1.2 What Is Reliability? 2 1.2.1 The Ability to Perform as Intended 4 1.2.2 For a Specified Time 4 1.2.3 Life-Cycle Conditions 5 1.2.4 Reliability as a Relative Measure 5 1.3 Quality, Customer Satisfaction, and System Effectiveness 6 1.4 Performance, Quality, and Reliability 7 1.5 Reliability and the System Life Cycle 8 1.6 Consequences of Failure 12 1.6.1 Financial Loss 12 1.6.2 Breach of Public Trust 13 1.6.3 Legal Liability 15 1.6.4 Intangible Losses 15 1.7 Suppliers and Customers 16 1.8 Summary 16 Problems 17 2 Reliability Concepts 19 2.1 Basic Reliability Concepts 19 2.1.1 Concept of Probability Density Function 23 2.2 Hazard Rate 26 2.2.1 Motivation and Development of Hazard Rate 27 2.2.2 Some Properties of the Hazard Function 28 2.2.3 Conditional Reliability 31 2.3 Percentiles Product Life 33 2.4 Moments of Time to Failure 35 2.4.1 Moments about Origin and about the Mean 35 2.4.2 Expected Life ...
List of contents
Preface xv
1 Reliability Engineering in the Twenty-First Century 1
1.1 What Is Quality? 1
1.2 What Is Reliability? 2
1.3 Quality, Customer Satisfaction, and System Effectiveness 6
1.4 Performance, Quality, and Reliability 7
1.5 Reliability and the System Life Cycle 8
1.6 Consequences of Failure 12
1.7 Suppliers and Customers 16
1.8 Summary 16
Problems 17
2 Reliability Concepts 19
2.1 Basic Reliability Concepts 19
2.2 Hazard Rate 26
2.3 Percentiles Product Life 33
2.4 Moments of Time to Failure 35
2.5 Summary 39
Problems 40
3 Probability and Life Distributions for Reliability Analysis 45
3.1 Discrete Distributions 45
3.2 Continuous Distributions 51
3.3 Probability Plots 77
3.4 Summary 83
Problems 84
4 Design for Six Sigma 89
4.1 What Is Six Sigma? 89
4.2 Why Six Sigma? 90
4.3 How Is Six Sigma Implemented? 91
4.4 Optimization Problems in the Six Sigma Process 98
4.5 Design for Six Sigma 103
4.6 Summary 108
Problems 108
5 Product Development 111
5.1 Product Requirements and Constraints 112
5.2 Product Life Cycle Conditions 113
5.3 Reliability Capability 114
5.4 Parts and Materials Selection 114
5.5 Human Factors and Reliability 115
5.6 Deductive versus Inductive Methods 117
5.7 Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis 117
5.8 Fault Tree Analysis 119
5.9 Physics of Failure 128
5.10 Design Review 131
5.11 Qualification 132
5.12 Manufacture and Assembly 134
5.13 Analysis, Product Failure, and Root Causes 137
5.14 Summary 138
Problems 138
6 Product Requirements and Constraints 141
6.1 Defi ning Requirements 141
6.2 Responsibilities of the Supply Chain 142
6.3 The Requirements Document 144
6.4 Specifi cations 144
6.5 Requirements Tracking 146
6.6 Summary 147
Problems 147
7 Life-Cycle Conditions 149
7.1 Defining the Life-Cycle Profile 149
7.2 Life-Cycle Events 150
7.3 Loads and Their Effects 152
7.4 Considerations and Recommendations for LCP Development 160
7.5 Methods for Estimating Life-Cycle Loads 165
7.6 Summary 166
Problems 167
8 Reliability Capability 169
8.1 Capability Maturity Models 169
8.2 Key Reliability Practices 170
8.3 Summary 175
Problems 175
9 Parts Selection and Management 177
9.1 Part Assessment Process 177
9.2 Parts Management 185
9.3 Risk Management 188
9.4 Summary 190
Problems 191
10 Failure Modes, Mechanisms, and Effects Analysis 193
10.1 Development of FMMEA 193
10.2 Failure Modes, Mechanisms, and Effects Analysis 195
10.3 Case Study 201
10.4 Summary 205
Problems 206
11 Probabilistic Design for Reliability and the Factor of Safety 207
11.1 Design for Reliability 207
11.2 Design of a Tension Element 208
11.3 Reliability Models for Probabilistic Design 209
11.4 Example of Probabilistic Design and Design for a Reliability Target 211
11.5 Relationship between Reliability, Factor of Safety, and Variability 212
11.6 Functions of Random Variables 215
11.7 Steps for Probabilistic Design 219<
