Read more
Informationen zum Autor Nina V. Fedoroff is Distinguished Professor of Biosciences, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, and Evan Pugh Professor, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Penn State University. Klappentext The transposable genetic elements, or transposons, as they are now known, have had a tumultuous history. Discovered in the mid-20th century by Barbara McClintock, they were initially received with puzzlement. When their genomic abundance began to be apparent, they were categorized as "junk DNA" and acquired the label of parasites. Expanding understanding of gene and genome organization has revealed the profound extent of their impact on both.Plant Transposons and Genome Dynamics in Evolution captures and distills the voluminous research literature on plant transposable elements and seeks to assemble the big picture of how transposons shape gene structure and regulation, as well as how they sculpt genomes in evolution. Individual chapters provide concise overviews of the many flavors of plant transposons and of their roles in gene creation, gene regulation, development, genome evolution, and organismal speciation, as well as of their epigenetic regulation.This volume is essential reading for anyone working in plant genetics, epigenetics, or evolutionary biology. Zusammenfassung The transposable genetic elements, or transposons, as they are now known, have had a tumultuous history. Discovered in the mid-20th century by Barbara McClintock, they were initially received with puzzlement. When their genomic abundance began to be apparent, they were categorized as "junk DNA" and acquired the label of parasites. Inhaltsverzeichnis Contributors ix Foreword xi David Botstein Introduction xiii Nina V. Fedoroff Chapter 1 The Discovery of Transposition 3 Nina V. Fedoroff Introduction 3 Studies on Variegation 3 Mutable Genes 5 McClintock's Studies on Chromosome Breakage 6 Recognition that Ds Transposes 8 Explaining Mutable Genes 9 Molecular Endnote 12 References 12 Chapter 2 A Field Guide to Transposable Elements 15 Alan H. Schulman and Thomas Wicker The C-value Paradox 15 The Quantity of Transposable Elements Determines Genome Size 16 General Classification Scheme for Transposable Elements 17 Class II Elements 19 Class I: The Non-LTR and LTR Retrotransposons 20 Evolutionary Origins of Transposable Elements 25 Non-autonomous Transposable Elements 28 Transposable Element Demography and Genome Ecology 30 Conclusions: Rehabilitation of Transposable Elements 32 Acknowledgments 34 References 34 Chapter 3 The Mechanism of Ac/Ds Transposition 41 Thomas Peterson and Jianbo Zhang Transposition of Ac/Ds Elements 41 The Enigmatic Ac Dosage Effect 42 cis and trans Effects on Ac / Ds Transposition 43 Molecular Characterization of Transposable Elements 44 The Excision and Insertion Reactions 45 Formation of Ds from Ac 48 Standard versus Alternative Transposition 48 Sister Chromatid Transposition 48 Reversed-ends Transposition 51 How Does Ds Break Chromosomes? 53 Alternative Transposition, DNA Methylation, and the Sequence of Transposition Reactions 54 Potential Applications of Alternative Transposition 55 Perspective 56 References 56 Chapter 4 McClintock and Epigenetics 61 Nina V. Fedoroff Introduction 61 Spm-suppressible Alleles 61 Spm-dependent Alleles 64 Cryptic Spm 66 Presetting 66 Molecular Machinery of Epigenetic Regulation 67 Summary 68 References 69 ...
