Water Quality Engineering - Physical / Chemical Treatment Processes

Informationen zum Autor MARK M. BENJAMIN, PhD, is Professor of Environmental Engineering at the University of Washington. A Fulbright Fellow, Dr. Benjamin is an expert in physical and chemical treatment processes. His research examines the behavior of natural organic matter and its removal from potable water sources. Moreover, he has developed adsorption-based processes for the removal of metals, natural organic matter, and other contaminants from solutions. A major focus of his current research has been the membrane treatment of drinking water. DESMOND F. LAWLER, PhD, holds the Nasser I. Al-Rashid Chair in Civil Engineering at the University of Texas and is a member of the University's Distinguished Teaching Academy. Throughout his career, his research and teaching have focused on physical-chemical treatment processes. The research has emphasized particle removal in drinking water and wastewater but has also involved gas transfer, precipitation, oxidation, and desalination. Fourteen of his Ph.D. advisees hold academic positions, while his numerous M.S. research graduates work in consulting firms and government agencies. Klappentext Explains the fundamental theory and mathematics of water and wastewater treatment processesBy carefully explaining both the underlying theory and the underlying mathematics, this text enables readers to fully grasp the fundamentals of physical and chemical treatment processes for water and wastewater. Throughout the book, the authors use detailed examples to illustrate real-world challenges and their solutions, including step-by-step mathematical calculations. Each chapter ends with a set of problems that enable readers to put their knowledge into practice by developing and analyzing complex processes for the removal of soluble and particulate materials in order to ensure the safety of our water supplies.Designed to give readers a deep understanding of how water treatment processes actually work, Water Quality Engineering explores:* Application of mass balances in continuous flow systems, enabling readers to understand and predict changes in water quality* Processes for removing soluble contaminants from water, including treatment of municipal and industrial wastes* Processes for removing particulate materials from water* Membrane processes to remove both soluble and particulate materialsFollowing the discussion of mass balances in continuous flow systems in the first part of the book, the authors explain and analyze water treatment processes in subsequent chapters by setting forth the relevant mass balance for the process, reactor geometry, and flow pattern under consideration.With its many examples and problem sets, Water Quality Engineering is recommended as a textbook for graduate courses in physical and chemical treatment processes for water and wastewater. By drawing together the most recent research findings and industry practices, this text is also recommended for professional environmental engineers in search of a contemporary perspective on water and wastewater treatment processes. Zusammenfassung Explains the fundamental theory and mathematics of water and wastewater treatment processesBy carefully explaining both the underlying theory and the underlying mathematics, this text enables readers to fully grasp the fundamentals of physical and chemical treatment processes for water and wastewater. Throughout the book, the authors use detailed examples to illustrate real-world challenges and their solutions, including step-by-step mathematical calculations. Each chapter ends with a set of problems that enable readers to put their knowledge into practice by developing and analyzing complex processes for the removal of soluble and particulate materials in order to ensure the safety of our water supplies.Designed to give readers a deep understanding of how water treatment processes actually work, Water Quality Engineeri...

List of contents

PREFACE xxi
 
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xxv
 
PART I REACTORS AND REACTIONS INWATER QUALITY ENGINEERING
 
1 Mass Balances 3
 
1.1 Introduction: The Mass Balance Concept, 3
 
1.2 The Mass Balance for a System with Unidirectional Flow and Concentration Gradient, 7
 
1.3 The Mass Balance for a System with Flow and Concentration Gradients in Arbitrary Directions, 20
 
1.4 The Differential Form of the Three-Dimensional Mass Balance, 24
 
1.5 Summary, 25
 
2 Continuous Flow Reactors: Hydraulic Characteristics 29
 
2.1 Introduction, 29
 
2.2 Residence Time Distributions, 30
 
2.3 Ideal Reactors, 42
 
2.4 Nonideal Reactors, 48
 
2.5 Equalization, 62
 
2.6 Summary, 70
 
3 Reaction Kinetics 81
 
3.1 Introduction, 81
 
3.2 Fundamentals, 82
 
3.3 Kinetics of Irreversible Reactions, 88
 
3.4 Kinetics of Reversible Reactions, 99
 
3.5 Kinetics of Sequential Reactions, 107
 
3.6 The Temperature Dependence of the Rates of Nonelementary Reactions, 114
 
3.7 Summary, 115
 
4 Continuous Flow Reactors: Performance Characteristics with Reaction 121
 
4.1 Introduction, 121
 
4.2 Extent of Reaction in Single Ideal Reactors at Steady State, 121
 
4.3 Extent of Reaction in Systems Composed of Multiple Ideal Reactors at Steady State, 130
 
4.4 Extent of Reaction in Reactors with Nonideal Flow, 135
 
4.5 Extent of Reaction Under Non-Steady-Conditions in Continuous Flow Reactors, 141
 
4.6 Summary, 146
 
PART II REMOVAL OF DISSOLVED CONSTITUENTS FROM WATER
 
5 Gas Transfer Fundamentals 155
 
5.1 Introduction, 155
 
5.2 Types of Engineered Gas Transfer Systems, 159
 
5.3 Henry's Law and Gas/Liquid Equilibrium, 162
 
5.4 Relating Changes in the Gas and Liquid Phases, 170
 
5.5 Mechanistic Models for Gas Transfer, 170
 
5.6 The Overall Gas Transfer Rate Coefficient, KL, 179
 
5.7 Evaluating kL, kG, KL, and a: Effects of Hydrodynamic and Other Operating Conditions, 187
 
5.8 Summary, 196
 
6 Gas Transfer: Reactor Design and Analysis 207
 
6.1 Introduction, 207
 
6.2 Case I: Gas Transfer in Systems with a Well-Mixed Liquid Phase, 207
 
6.3 Case II: Gas Transfer in Systems with Spatial Variations in the Concentrations of Both Solution and Gas, 226
 
6.4 Summary, 241
 
7 Adsorption Processes: Fundamentals 257
 
7.1 Introduction, 257
 
7.2 Examples of Adsorption in Natural and Engineered Aquatic Systems, 262
 
7.3 Conceptual, Molecular-Scale Models for Adsorption, 266
 
7.4 Quantifying the Activity of Adsorbed Species and Adsorption Equilibrium Constants, 268
 
7.5 Quantitative Representations of Adsorption Equilibrium: The Adsorption Isotherm, 269
 
7.6 Modeling Adsorption Using Surface Pressure to Describe the Activity of Adsorbed Species, 296
 
7.7 The Polanyi Adsorption Model and the Polanyi Isotherm, 306
 
7.8 Modeling Other Interactions and Reactions at Surfaces, 314
 
7.9 Summary, 320
 
8 Adsorption Processes: Reactor Design and Analysis 327
 
8.1 Introduction, 327
 
8.2 Systems with Rapid Attainment of Equilibrium, 328
 
8.3 Systems with a Slow Approach to Equilibrium, 340
 
8.4 The Movement of the Mass Transfer Zone Through Fixed Bed Adsorbers, 354
 
8.5 Chemical Reactions in Fixed Bed Adsorption Systems, 356
 
8.6 Estimating Long-Term, Full-Scale Performance of Fixed Beds from Short-Term, Bench-Scale Experimental Data, 357
 
8.7 Competitive Adsorption in Column Operations: The Chrom

About the author

MARK M. BENJAMIN, PhD, is Professor of Environmental Engineering at the University of Washington. A Fulbright Fellow, Dr. Benjamin is an expert in physical and chemical treatment processes. His research examines the behavior of natural organic matter and its removal from potable water sources. Moreover, he has developed adsorption-based processes for the removal of metals, natural organic matter, and other contaminants from solutions. A major focus of his current research has been the membrane treatment of drinking water.

DESMOND F. LAWLER, PhD, holds the Nasser I. Al-Rashid Chair in Civil Engineering at the University of Texas and is a member of the University's Distinguished Teaching Academy. Throughout his career, his research and teaching have focused on physical-chemical treatment processes. The research has emphasized particle removal in drinking water and wastewater but has also involved gas transfer, precipitation, oxidation, and desalination. Fourteen of his Ph.D. advisees hold academic positions, while his numerous M.S. research graduates work in consulting firms and government agencies.

Product details

• Authors: Benjamin, M Benjamin, M. Benjamin, Mark Benjamin, Mark M Benjamin, Mark M. Benjamin, Mark M. Lawler Benjamin, Mark M./ Lawler Benjamin, BENJAMIN MARK M LAWLER DESMOND, Benjamin Mark M., LAWLER, Desmond F Lawler, Desmond F. Lawler, Lawler Desmond F.
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 09.08.2013
• EAN: 9781118169650
• ISBN: 978-1-118-16965-0
• No. of pages: 912
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Biology > Ecology; Chemie, Umwelttechnik, TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Environmental / Water Supply, Technology & Industrial Arts, chemistry, Wasserchemie, Chemical Engineering, chemische Verfahrenstechnik, Environmental engineering, Allg. Chemische Verfahrenstechnik, Water Chemistry, Bauingenieur- u. Bauwesen, Civil Engineering & Construction