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The progress of materials science depends on the development of novel materials and the development of novel experimental techniques. The research on graphite intercalation compounds combines both aspects: new compounds with strikingly new and anisotropic properties have been synthesized and analyzed during the past couple of years by means of state-of-the-art experimental methods. At the same time, the preparation of the compounds already known has improved con siderably, giving increased reliability and reproducibility of the experimental results. The high quality experimental data now available have stimulated theo retical work. Moreover, the theoretical work has had a great impact on further experimental studies, with the effect of a much improved understanding of this class of materials. This volume is dedicated to a thorough description of all relevant experimen tal and theoretical aspects of the structural and dynamical properties of graphite intercalation compounds. Because of the large number of topics, a second vol ume, which is now in preparation, will follow and will treat the electronic, transport, magnetic, and optical properties. The second volume will also contain a chapter on applications of graphite intercalation compounds. There have been a number of reviews written on selected aspects of these compounds in various journals and conference proceedings during the last couple of years, but this is the first comprehensive review since the thorough overview provided by M.S. Dresselhaus and G. Dresselhaus appeared ten years ago.
List of contents
1. Introduction.- References.- 2. Structural Properties and Phase Transitions.- 2.1 Effects of Intercalation on the Graphite Host.- 2.2 Intercalate Structures: General Features.- 2.3 The Two-Dimensional Liquid State.- 2.4 Phase Transitions and Ordered States.- 2.5 Conclusions.- References.- 3. Staging and Kinetics.- 3.1 The Energetics of Staging.- 3.2 Classical Staging Models and Their Implications.- 3.3 Experimental Staging Phase Diagrams.- 3.4 Stage Disorder.- 3.6 The Kinetics of Stage Transformations.- References.- 4. Lattice Dynamics I: Neutron Studies.- 4.1 Lattice Dynamics and Inelastic Neutron Scattering.- 4.2 [00q]L Phonon Dispersion.- 4.3 [q00]T? Phonon Dispersion.- 4.4 Phonon Density of States of Intercalate Modes.- 4.5 Thermal Properties.- 4.6 Conclusion.- References.- 5. Lattice Dynamics II: Optical Studies.- 5.1 Theoretical Considerations.- 5.2 Experimental Techniques.- 5.3 Pristine Graphite.- 5.4 Binary Graphite Intercalation Compounds.- 5.5 Ternary Graphite Intercalation Compounds.- 5.6 Applications of Optical Phonon Spectroscopy.- 5.7 Concluding Remarks.- References.- 6. Intercalate Diffusion.- 6.1 Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering.- 6.2 Alkali-GICs.- 6.3 Molecular Intercalates and Ternary Compounds.- 6.4 Conclusions.- References.- 7. Microscopic Properties of Graphite Intercalation Compounds.- 7.1 Layer Structure and Staging.- 7.2 In-Plane Structure.- 7.3 Summary and Concluding Remarks.- References.- 8. New Graphite-Donor Compounds and Synthesis.- 8.1 Preliminary Remarks Concerning the Donor-Graphite Intercalation Compounds.- 8.2 New Binary Phases Obtained at High Pressure and/or High Temperature.- 8.3 The New Ternary Compounds with Multiple Single Layers.- 8.4 The New Ternary Compounds with Multiple-Layer Intercalated Sheets.- 8.5 Conclusion andVistas.- References.- 9. Ternary Systems.- 9.1 Ternary Compounds Containing Only Alkali Metals or Halogens.- 9.2 Ternary Compounds of Metals with a Nitrogen-Containing Base.- 9.3 The Metal-Organic-Molecule-Graphite Intercalation Compounds.- 9.4 Ternary Acceptor Intercalation Compounds.- 9.5 Multi-Intercalation Compounds.- 9.6 Ternary Systems Involving Fluorinated Graphite.- References.
