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3.2 Technique ............. '. . . . . . . 123 3.3 Drainage Catheters: Materials and Selection . 139 3.4 The Loop Catheter . . . . . . . . . . 141 4 Aspiration of Pancreatic Pseudocysts 145 E. Concluding Remarks 149 151 References " Subject Index . 158 VII List of Contributors BURGER, H. R, Dr. med., Oberarzt, Institut fur Pathologie, Univer sitiit Zurich, SchmelzbergstraBe 12, CH-8091 Zurich EINIGHAMMER, H.J., Dipl. Phys., Dr. rer. nat., Neurologische Uni versitatsklinik, MoorenstraBe 5, 0-4000 Dusseldorf HAUKE, R, Dipl., Phys., Dr. rer. nat., Gesellschaft fur Medizin. Techn. Informationssysteme, MarienstraBe 2,0-7910 Neu-Ulm PEmo, G., Professor Dr. med., Leitender Arzt, Abteilung fUr Zytolo gie, Institut fur Pathologie, Universitatsspital, CH-8091 Zurich " ... so it is not good for men to fear all that is not already known and settled, and thus feel that it is bad and harmful to strive for a greater perfection than already exists." Holderlin to his mother, 16. November 1799 A. Introduction 1 General The modem cross-sectional imaging methods of sonography and computed to mography, developed in the early 1970s, have contributed greatly to noninva sive studies of the parenchymatous organs and permit the evaluation of patho logic changes in areas that were previously accessible only to invasive, indirect, or inadequate examination.
List of contents
A. Introduction.- 1 General.- 2 Historical Development of Aspiration Biopsy Under Ultrasound and Computed Tomographic Guidance.- B. Principles and Technique.- 1 Principles of Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy Under Continuous Vision.- 2 Localizing the Biopsy Needle in the Sonographic Image.- 3 Procedure for Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy.- 4 Standard Biopsy Needles for Cytology, Histology, and Bacteriology.- C. Results.- 1 General.- 2 Results of Fine-Needle Aspirations for Specific Organs and Body Regions.- 3 Preparation of Specimens for Cytologic Examination - Possibilities and Limitations.- 4 Biopsy for Histologic Examination.- 5 A Pathologist's View of Needle Biopsy.- 6 Does Needle Biopsy Promote Tumor Spread?.- D. Practical Aspects of Biopsy and Drainage, Indications, Risks.- 1 Renal Biopsy.- 2 Liver Biopsy.- 3 Percutaneous Nephrostomy.- 4 Aspiration of Pancreatic Pseudocysts.- E. Concluding Remarks.- References.
