Read more
Informationen zum Autor William E. Martin, EdD, is a professor and past chair of educational psychology in the College of Education, Northern Arizona University. He also served as senior scholar in the university's Faculty Research Center. His research areas are psychometric assessment, counselor development, psychosocial adjustment, and person-environment-based prevention and intervention methods. Krista D. Bridgmon, PhD, is an assistant professor of psychology at Colorado State University-Pueblo. Her research areas are doctoral student attrition, stress and coping, school counseling, and sport psychology. Klappentext Quantitative and Statistical Research MethodsThis user-friendly textbook teaches students to understand and apply procedural steps in completing quantitative studies. It explains statistics while progressing through the steps of the hypothesis-testing process from hypothesis to results. The research problems used in the book reflect statistical applications related to interesting and important topics. In addition, the book provides a Research Analysis and Interpretation Guide to help students analyze research articles.Designed as a hands-on resource, each chapter covers a single research problem and offers directions for implementing the research method from start to finish. Readers will learn how to:* Pinpoint research questions and hypotheses* Identify, classify, and operationally define the study variables* Choose appropriate research designs* Conduct power analysis* Select an appropriate statistic for the problem* Use a data set* Conduct data screening and analyses using SPSS* Interpret the statistics* Write the results related to the problemQuantitative and Statistical Research Methods allows students to immediately, independently, and successfully apply quantitative methods to their own research projects. Zusammenfassung Quantitative and Statistical Research Methodsoffers a guide for psychology, counseling, and education students in the use of statistics and research designs, combined with guidance on using SPSS in the course of their research. Inhaltsverzeichnis Tables and Figures ix Preface xvii The Authors xix Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview 1 Review of Foundational Research Concepts 3 Review of Foundational Statistical Information 6 The Normal Distribution 14 Chapter 2 Logical Steps of Conducting Quantitative Research: Hypothesis-Testing Process 29 Hypothesis-Testing Process 30 Chapter 3 Maximizing Hypothesis Decisions Using Power Analysis 39 Balance between Avoiding Type I and Type II Errors 41 Chapter 4 Research and Statistical Designs 53 Formulating Experimental Conditions 54 Reducing the Imprecision in Measurement 55 Controlling Extraneous Experimental Influences 57 Internal Validity and Experimental Designs 59 Choosing a Statistic to Use for an Analysis 67 Chapter 5 Introduction to IBM SPSS 20 77 The IBM SPSS 20 Data View Screen 80 Naming and Defining Variables in Variable View 80 Entering Data 86 Examples of Basic Analyses 87 Examples of Modifying Data Procedures 96 Chapter 6 Diagnosing Study Data for Inaccuracies and Assumptions 99 Research Example 100 Chapter 7 Randomized Design Comparing Two Treatments and a Control Using a One-Way Analysis of Variance 129 Research Problem 130 Study Variables 131 Research Design 133 Stating the Omnibus (Comprehensive) Research Question 135 Hypothesis Testing Step 1: Establish the Alternative (Research) Hypothesis (Ha) 136 Hypothesis Testing Step 2: Establish the Null Hypothesis (H0) 137 Hypothesis Testing Step 3: Decide on a Risk Level (Alpha) of Rejecting the True H0 Considering Type I and II Errors and Power 138 ...
List of contents
Tables and Figures ix
Preface xvii
The Authors xix
Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview 1
Review of Foundational Research Concepts 3
Review of Foundational Statistical Information 6
The Normal Distribution 14
Chapter 2 Logical Steps of Conducting Quantitative Research: Hypothesis-Testing Process 29
Hypothesis-Testing Process 30
Chapter 3 Maximizing Hypothesis Decisions Using Power Analysis 39
Balance between Avoiding Type I and Type II Errors 41
Chapter 4 Research and Statistical Designs 53
Formulating Experimental Conditions 54
Reducing the Imprecision in Measurement 55
Controlling Extraneous Experimental Influences 57
Internal Validity and Experimental Designs 59
Choosing a Statistic to Use for an Analysis 67
Chapter 5 Introduction to IBM SPSS 20 77
The IBM SPSS 20 Data View Screen 80
Naming and Defining Variables in Variable View 80
Entering Data 86
Examples of Basic Analyses 87
Examples of Modifying Data Procedures 96
Chapter 6 Diagnosing Study Data for Inaccuracies and Assumptions 99
Research Example 100
Chapter 7 Randomized Design Comparing Two Treatments and a Control Using a One-Way Analysis of Variance 129
Research Problem 130
Study Variables 131
Research Design 133
Stating the Omnibus (Comprehensive) Research Question 135
Hypothesis Testing Step 1: Establish the Alternative (Research) Hypothesis (Ha) 136
Hypothesis Testing Step 2: Establish the Null Hypothesis (H0) 137
Hypothesis Testing Step 3: Decide on a Risk Level (Alpha) of Rejecting the True H0 Considering Type I and II Errors and Power 138
Hypothesis Testing Step 4: Choose Appropriate Statistic and Its Sampling Distribution to Test the H0 Assuming H0 Is True 143
Hypothesis Testing Step 5: Select Sample, Collect Data, Screen Data, Compute Statistic, and Determine Probability Estimates 144
Hypothesis Testing Step 6: Make Decision Regarding the H0 and Interpret Post Hoc Effect Sizes and Confidence Intervals 162
Formula Calculations of the Study Results 166
Chapter 8 Repeated-Treatment Design Using a Repeated-Measures Analysis of Variance 183
Research Problem 184
Study Variables 185
Research Design 186
Stating the Omnibus (Comprehensive) Research Question 189
Hypothesis Testing Step 1: Establish the Alternative (Research) Hypothesis (Ha) 190
Hypothesis Testing Step 2: Establish the Null Hypothesis (H0) 191
Hypothesis Testing Step 3: Decide on a Risk Level (Alpha) of Rejecting the True H0 Considering Type I and II Errors and Power 192
Hypothesis Testing Step 4: Choose Appropriate Statistic and Its Sampling Distribution to Test the H0 Assuming H0 Is True 195
Hypothesis Testing Step 5: Select Sample, Collect Data, Screen Data, Compute Statistic, and Determine Probability Estimates 196
Hypothesis Testing Step 6: Make Decision Regarding the H0 and Interpret Post Hoc Effect Sizes and Confidence Intervals 216
Formula Calculations of the Study Results 218
Chapter 9 Randomized Factorial Experimental Design Using a Factorial ANOVA 231
Research Problem 232
Study Variables 232
Research Design 233
Stating the Omnibus (Comprehensive) Research Questions 237
Hypothesis Testing Step 1: Establish the Alternative (Research) Hypothesis (Ha) 238
Hypothesis Testing Step 2: Establish the Null Hypothesis (H0) 240
Hypothesis Testing Step 3: Decide on a Risk Level (Alpha) of R
