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Informationen zum Autor Dr D. Julie Carrier is a Professor in Biological and Agricultural Engineering at the University of Arkansas. Her current research is aimed at extracting valuable chemical components from biomass. She has been working in this field for 10 years, accumulating over 50 peer-reviewed papers. In addition to her research, she teaches courses on properties of biological materials and biotechnology/bioprocessing. She has authored over 50 peer reviewed journal articles and 2 book chapters. Danielle Julie Carrier , Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA. Shri Ramaswamy , Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, Kaufert Lab, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA. Klappentext In order to successfully compete as a sustainable energy source, the value of biomass must be maximized through the production of valuable co-products in the biorefinery. Specialty chemicals and other biobased products can be extracted from biomass prior to or after the conversion process, thus increasing the overall profitability and sustainability of the biorefinery.Biorefinery Co-Products highlights various co-products that are present in biomass prior to and after processing, describes strategies for their extraction , and presents examples of bioenergy feedstocks that contain high value products.Topics covered include:* Bioactive compounds from woody biomass* Phytochemicals from sugar cane, citrus waste and algae* Valuable products from corn and other oil seed crops* Proteins from forages* Enhancing the value of existing biomass processing streamsAimed at academic researchers, professionals and specialists in the bioenergy industry, Biorefinery Co-Products is an essential text for all scientists and engineers working on the efficient separation, purification and manufacture of value-added biorefinery co-products.For more information on the Wiley Series in Renewable resources, visit www.wiley.com/go/rrs Zusammenfassung In order to successfully compete as a sustainable energy source, the value of biomass must be maximized through the production of valuable co-products in the biorefinery. Inhaltsverzeichnis Series Preface xiii Preface xv List of Contributors xvii 1 An Overview of Biorefinery Technology 1 Mahmoud A. Sharara, Edgar C. Clausen and Danielle Julie Carrier 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Feedstock 2 1.3 Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass 4 1.4 Biochemical Conversion 10 1.5 Conclusion 15 2 Overview of the Chemistry of Primary and Secondary Plant Metabolites 19 Chantal Bergeron 2.1 Introduction 19 2.2 Primary Metabolites 20 2.3 Secondary Metabolites 23 2.4 Stability of Isolated Compounds 35 2.5 Conclusion 35 3 Separation and Purification of Phytochemicals as Co-Products in Biorefineries 37 Hua-Jiang Huang and Shri Ramaswamy 3.1 Introduction 37 3.2 Conventional Separation Approaches 39 3.3 Supercritical Fluid Extraction 45 3.4 Separation and Purification of Phytochemicals from Plant Extracts and Dilute Solution in Biorefineries 46 3.5 Summary 49 4 Phytochemicals from Corn: a Processing Perspective 55 Kent Rausch 4.1 Introduction: Corn Processes 55 4.2 Phytochemicals Found in Corn 63 4.3 Corn Processing Effects on Phytochemical Recovery 71 4.4 Conclusions 86 5 Co-Products from Cereal and Oilseed Biorefinery Systems 93 Nurhan Turgut Dunford 5.1 Introduction 93 5.2 Cereals 95 5.3 Oilseed Biorefineries 102 5.4 Conclusions 108 6 Bioactive Soy Co-Products 117 Arvind Kannan, Srinivas Rayaprolu and Navam Hettiarachchy 6.1 Introduction 11...
List of contents
Series Preface xiii
Preface xv
List of Contributors xvii
1 An Overview of Biorefinery Technology 1
Mahmoud A. Sharara, Edgar C. Clausen and Danielle Julie Carrier
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Feedstock 2
1.3 Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass 4
1.4 Biochemical Conversion 10
1.5 Conclusion 15
2 Overview of the Chemistry of Primary and Secondary Plant Metabolites 19
Chantal Bergeron
2.1 Introduction 19
2.2 Primary Metabolites 20
2.3 Secondary Metabolites 23
2.4 Stability of Isolated Compounds 35
2.5 Conclusion 35
3 Separation and Purification of Phytochemicals as Co-Products in Biorefineries 37
Hua-Jiang Huang and Shri Ramaswamy
3.1 Introduction 37
3.2 Conventional Separation Approaches 39
3.3 Supercritical Fluid Extraction 45
3.4 Separation and Purification of Phytochemicals from Plant Extracts and Dilute Solution in Biorefineries 46
3.5 Summary 49
4 Phytochemicals from Corn: a Processing Perspective 55
Kent Rausch
4.1 Introduction: Corn Processes 55
4.2 Phytochemicals Found in Corn 63
4.3 Corn Processing Effects on Phytochemical Recovery 71
4.4 Conclusions 86
5 Co-Products from Cereal and Oilseed Biorefinery Systems 93
Nurhan Turgut Dunford
5.1 Introduction 93
5.2 Cereals 95
5.3 Oilseed Biorefineries 102
5.4 Conclusions 108
6 Bioactive Soy Co-Products 117
Arvind Kannan, Srinivas Rayaprolu and Navam Hettiarachchy
6.1 Introduction 117
6.2 Co-Products Obtained from Industrial Biorefineries 119
6.3 Technologies Used to Extract Co-Products 122
6.4 Bioactivities and Nutritional Value in Biorefinery Co-Products 123
6.5 Modern Technologies for Efficient Delivery - Nanoencapsulation 126
6.6 Conclusion and Future Prospects 127
7 Production of Valuable Compounds by Supercritical Technology Using Residues from Sugarcane Processing 133
Juliana M. Prado and M. Angela A. Meireles
7.1 Introduction 133
7.2 Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Filter Cake 135
7.3 Process Simulation for Estimating Manufacturing Cost of Extracts 138
7.4 Hydrolysis of Bagasse with Sub/Supercritical Fluids 143
7.5 Conclusions 148
8 Potential Value-Added Co-products from Citrus Fruit Processing 153
John A. Manthey
8.1 Introduction 153
8.2 Fruit Processing and Byproduct Streams 154
8.3 Polysaccharides as Value-Added Products 163
8.4 Phytonutrients as Value-Added Products 165
8.5 Fermentation and Production of Enhanced Byproducts 170
8.6 Conclusion 171
9 Recovery of Leaf Protein for Animal Feed and High-Value Uses 179
Bryan D. Bals, Bruce E. Dale and Venkatesh Balan
9.1 Introduction 179
9.2 Methods of Separating Protein 181
9.3 Protein Concentration 185
9.4 Uses for Leaf Protein 187
9.5 Integration with Biofuel Production 189
9.6 Conclusions 192
10 Phytochemicals from Algae 199
Liam Brennan, Anika Mostaert, Cormac Murphy and Philip Owende
10.1 Introduction 199
10.2 Commercial Applications of Algal Phytochemicals 203
10.3 Production Techniques for Algal Phytochemicals 213
10.4 Extraction Techniques for Algal Phytochemicals 220
10.5 Metabolic Engineering for Synthesis of Algae-Derived Compounds 224
10.6 Phytochemical Market Evolution 228
10.7 Conclusions 228
11 New Bioactive Natural Products from Canadian
