Read more
This work is useful for both industrial and academic chemists and chemical engineers who work in the field of catalytic oxidation. Moreover, since it examines the general question of oxidation reactions, this book can be used as a text for students pursuing university studies in industrial chemistry, chemical reaction engineering and safety in the chemical industry. The first volume covers the most important technological aspects of the use of molecular oxygen for catalytic oxidation reactions. Particular attention is paid to the following issues: Chemical and chemical-physical characteristics of the activation of molecular oxygen; Engineering concerns in the design of reactors for monophase and multiphase catalytic reactions; Technical criteria for choosing the best operating conditions for catalytic oxidation reactions; Advantages and disadvantages of using air, enriched air or pure oxygen as oxidizing agents, and of using ballast components other than nitrogen; Overview of the main industrial processes for selective catalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons, with a focus on those aspects that address the question of whether to use air or oxygen as the oxidizing agent; Review of some industrial oxidation processes in both the gas and liquid phases, using either oxygen or other oxidants. This review summarizes the chemical, technical and engineering aspects of the use of oxygen in catalytic processes as well the choice of the oxidizing agent and reaction conditions; Analysis of the most recent developments in the production of olefins or oxygenates, including the selective oxidation of light paraffins as a new raw material that provides an alternative to traditional feedstocks based on olefins and aromatics. The second volume addresses the safety issues associated with the use of oxygen in catalytic oxidation reactions. Safety requirements for industrial processes call for precise knowledge of the flammability and detonability limits of the reactant mixtures under operating conditions. Equally important is a full comprehension of the theoretical notions that govern the ignition of gases and vapors, whether by an external energy source, or by spontaneous ignition. Unfortunately, there is a general lack of data for mixtures under non-standard temperature and pressure conditions and for mixtures that are confined to the specific geometric conditions imposed by industrial processes. For this reason, the aim of this volume is to discuss the theory of chemical explosions in general, including the flammability of gases and liquids, and spontaneous ignition, in particular. Furthermore, it briefly presents preventive and protective measures needed to ensure the safety of chemical processes....
