Modern Methods for Analysing Archaeological and Historical Glass

Informationen zum Autor Professor Koen Janssens is based in the Center for Micro- and Trace Analysis at the Department of Chemistry at the University of Antwerp in Belgium. He currently teaches undergraduates on General Chemistry - Theory, Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, Radiochemistry, Micro- and Surface Analysis Methods and Practical Exercises in Analytical Chemistry. Since 1999 he has presented over 100 lectures and has published, since 1990, over 140 papers, book chapters/books. From 1999-2004 he served as an Associate Editor for Journal of Micro- and Trace Analysis, and since 2004 has served as an editorial board member of Spectrochimica Acta. His main area of research is as head of the x-ray microbeam analysis research group at the University of Antwerp which specializes in the use of X-ray microbeams for the non-destructive (trace) analysis and materials characterization. Klappentext Glass is a material that can be considered as the first man-made polymer. Although relatively hard to make, the earliest glass was already in use several thousands of years BC, e.g. in Egypt and other near-Eastern localities of advanced cultural development. During its long and complex history, the technology, the composition and also the physico-chemical properties of glass and its possible uses in various societies have been subject to considerable evolution. The key to reading the rich history of the technology of glass-making, glass-colouring and glass-shaping throughout the ages is the determination of the chemical composition of historic glass fragments, which are encountered in archaeological excavations.Modern Methods for Analysing Archaeological and Historical Glass is a comprehensive two-volume set bringing together an overview of modern analytical techniques for glass analysis.* Provides an up-to-date description of the physico-chemical methods suitable for determining the composition of glass and for speciation of components within it* Includes numerous case studies to show the effective value of these methods on analysing glasses from all continents and culturesWith contributions from well-known and respected scientists and scholars in the field, this comprehensive text is pertinent to those working on analytical methods relating to conservation in academia as well as museum curators, archaeologists, etc. It is also beneficial to students - both graduate and doctoral level who are using analytical methodology in the study of archaeological and cultural antiquities. Zusammenfassung The first scientific volume to compile the modern analytical techniques for glass analysis, Modern Methods for Analysing Archaeological and Historical Glass presents an up-to-date description of the physico-chemical methods suitable for determining the composition of glass and for speciation of specific components. Inhaltsverzeichnis List of Contributors xix Preface xxiii 1.1 What is Glass? 1 1.1.1 Introduction 1 1.1.2 Fundamentals of the Glassy State 2 1.1.3 Chemical Classification of Glasses 7 1.1.3.1 Silicate Glasses 7 1.1.4 Properties of Glasses 9 References 21 1.2 Raw Materials, Recipes and Procedures Used for Glass Making 23 1.2.1 Introduction 23 1.2.2 Other Sources of Information on Ancient Glass Production Technology 25 1.2.3 Raw Materials of the past 28 1.2.4 Composition Characteristics of Ancient Glass Varieties 32 1.2.5 Present-Day Raw Materials (from the Nineteenth Century Onwards) 34 1.2.6 The Melting Process of the past 37 1.2.7 Glass Furnaces of Today 43 References 45 1.3 Colouring, Decolouring and Opacifying of Glass 49 1.3.1 Introduction 49 1.3.2 Conclusion 62 References 63 1.4 Glass Compositions over Several Millennia in theWestern World 67 1.4.1 Making Silica-Based Glass: Physico-Chemcial Constraints 67 1.4....

List of contents

List of Contributors xix
 
Preface xxiii
 
1.1 What is Glass? 1
 
References 21
 
1.2 Raw Materials, Recipes and Procedures Used for Glass Making 23
 
References 45
 
1.3 Colouring, Decolouring and Opacifying of Glass 49
 
References 63
 
1.4 Glass Compositions over Several Millennia in theWestern World 67
 
References 76
 
2.1 X-Ray Based Methods of Analysis 79
 
References 126
 
2.2 Electron Microscopy 129
 
References 154
 
2.3 Ion-Beam Analysis Methods 155
 
References 180
 
2.4 Application of Neutron Activation Analysis to Archaeological Studies of Natural and Man-Made Glasses 183
 
Acknowledgements 195
 
References 195
 
3.1 Glass Characterisation Using Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Methods 199
 
Acknowledgements 230
 
References 230
 
3.2 Isotope-Ratio Techniques in Glass Studies 233
 
Acknowledgements 241
 
References 241
 
4.1 Surface Analysis 245
 
Acknowledgements 269
 
References 269
 
4.2 Non-Destructive Raman Analysis of Ancient Glasses and Glazes 273
 
Acknowledgments 295
 
References 295
 
4.3 The Use of X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy in Historical Glass Research 299
 
References 306
 
5.1 Provenance Analysis of Glass Artefacts 309
 
the Bronze Age 314
 
Acknowledgements 338
 
References 338
 
5.2 Glass at el-Amarna 343
 
References 349
 
5.3 Evolution of Vitreous Materials in Bronze Age Italy 353
 
Acknowledgements 364
 
References 364
 
5.4 Black-Appearing Roman Glass 367
 
Distribution 379
 
Acknowledgements 382
 
References 382
 
5.5 Glass Compositions of the Merovingian Period inWestern Europe 385
 
References 394
 
5.6 Glass in South Asia 397
 
Acknowledgements 409
 
References 409
 
5.7 Early Glass in Southeast Asia 413
 
Acknowledgements 439
 
References 439
 
5.8 Glass Trade between the Middle East and Asia 443
 
References 454
 
5.9 European Glass Trade Beads in Northeastern North America 457
 
Acknowledgements 467
 
References 467
 
6.1 Medieval Glass-Making and -Working in Tuscany and Liguria (Italy). Towards a
 
Standard Methodology for the Classification of Glass-Making and Glass-Working
 
Indicators 471
 
Working Indicators 479
 
Acknowledgements 509
 
References 510
 
6.2 Venetian Soda Glass 513
 
References 531
 
6.3 Transfer of Glass Manufacturing Technology in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
 
from Southern to Northern Europe: Using Trace Element Patterns to Reveal the Spread
 
from Venice via Antwerp to London 535
 
Acknowledgements 558
 
References 558
 
6.4 Seventeenth-Century Varec Glass from the Great Hall of Mirrors at Versailles 561
 
Acknowledgements 569
 
References 569
 
6.5 Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century English Lead Glass 571
 
Acknowledgements 579
 
References 579
 
7.1 Metal Nanoparticles in Glass: Lustre 581
 
References 602
 
7.2 Glass Degradation by Liquids and Atmospheric Agents 607
 
References 640
 
7.3 Corrosion of Stained GlassWindows: Applied Study of Spanish Monuments of
 
Different Periods 651
 
Acknowledgements 671
 
References 671
 
7.4 Novel Methods of Evaluation for the Conservation of Browned H

Product details

• Authors: K Janssens, Koen H a Janssens, Koen H. A. Janssens, Koen H. A. (University of Antwerp Janssens, JANSSENS KOEN H A
• Assisted by: Koe H A Janssens (Editor), Koen H A Janssens (Editor), Koen H a Janssens (Editor), Koen H. A. Janssens (Editor), Koen H. A. (University of Antwerp Janssens (Editor), Janssens Koen H. A. (Editor)
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 22.02.2013
• EAN: 9780470516140
• ISBN: 978-0-470-51614-0
• No. of pages: 768
• Subjects: Humanities, art, music > History > General, dictionaries; Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Chemistry > Theoretical chemistry; Chemie, Werkstoffprüfung, Analytische Chemie, Ceramics, chemistry, Materialwissenschaften, Materials science, Analytical Chemistry, Keramische Werkstoffe