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Informationen zum Autor Mathieu Mory is Director of the Chemical Engineering School at the University of Pau and the Adour Region (UPPA) in France. Klappentext The book aims at providing to master and PhD students the basic knowledge in fluid mechanics for chemical engineers. Applications to mixing and reaction and to mechanical separation processes are addressed.The first part of the book presents the principles of fluid mechanics used by chemical engineers, with a focus on global theorems for describing the behavior of hydraulic systems. The second part deals with turbulence and its application for stirring, mixing and chemical reaction. The third part addresses mechanical separation processes by considering the dynamics of particles in a flow and the processes of filtration, fluidization and centrifugation. The mechanics of granular media is finally discussed. Zusammenfassung The book aims at providing to master and PhD students the basic knowledge in fluid mechanics for chemical engineers. Applications to mixing and reaction and to mechanical separation processes are addressed. Inhaltsverzeichnis Preface xiii PART I. ELEMENTS IN FLUID MECHANICS 1 Chapter 1. Local Equations of Fluid Mechanics 3 1.1. Forces, stress tensor, and pressure 4 1.2. Navier-Stokes equations in Cartesian coordinates 6 1.3. The plane Poiseuille flow 10 1.4. Navier-Stokes equations in cylindrical coordinates: Poiseuille flow in a circular cylindrical pipe 13 1.5. Plane Couette flow 17 1.6. The boundary layer concept 19 1.7. Solutions of Navier-Stokes equations where a gravity field is present, hydrostatic pressure 22 1.8. Buoyancy force 25 1.9. Some conclusions on the solutions of Navier-Stokes equations 26 Chapter 2. Global Theorems of Fluid Mechanics 29 2.1. Euler equations in an intrinsic coordinate system 30 2.2. Bernoulli's theorem 31 2.3. Pressure variation in a direction normal to a streamline 33 2.4. Momentum theorem 36 2.5. Evaluating friction for a steady-state flow in a straight pipe 38 2.6. Pressure drop in a sudden expansion (Borda calculation) 40 2.7. Using the momentum theorem in the presence of gravity 43 2.8. Kinetic energy balance and dissipation 43 2.9. Application exercises 47 Exercise 2.I: Force exerted on a bend 47 Exercise 2.II: Emptying a tank 48 Exercise 2.III: Pressure drop in a sudden expansion and heating 48 Exercise 2.IV: Streaming flow on an inclined plane 49 Exercise 2.V: Impact of a jet on a sloping plate 50 Exercise 2.VI: Operation of a hydro-ejector 51 Exercise 2.VII: Bypass flow 53 Chapter 3. Dimensional Analysis 55 3.1. Principle of dimensional analysis, Vaschy-Buckingham theorem 56 3.2. Dimensional study of Navier-Stokes equations 61 3.3. Similarity theory 63 3.4. An application example: fall velocity of a spherical particle in a viscous fluid at rest 65 3.5. Application exercises 69 Exercise 3.I: Time of residence and chemical reaction in a stirred reactor 69 Exercise 3.II: Boundary layer on an oscillating plate 69 Exercise 3.III: Head capacity curve of a centrifugal pump 70 Chapter 4. Steady-State Hydraulic Circuits 73 4.1. Operating point of a hydraulic circuit 73 4.2. Steady-state flows in straight pipes: regular head loss 78 4.3. Turbulence in a pipe and velocity profile of the flow 81 4.4. Singular head losses 83 4.5. Notions on cavitation 87 4.6. Application exercises 88 Exercise 4.I: Regular head loss measurement and flow rate in a pipe 88 Exercise 4.II: Head loss and cavitation in a hydraulic circuit 89 Exercise 4.III: Ventilation of a road tunnel 91 Exercise 4.IV: Sizing a netw...
