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Informationen zum Autor About the Editors Heide Schatten Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, USA Gheorghe M. Constantinescu Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, USA Klappentext Our knowledge of reproductive biology has increased enormously in recent years on cellular, molecular, and genetic levels, leading to significant breakthroughs that have directly benefitted in vitro fertilization (IVF) and other assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in humans and animal systems.Animal Models and Human Reproduction presents a comprehensive reference that reflects the latest scientific research being done in human reproductive biology utilizing domestic animal models. Chapters on canine, equine, cow, pig, frog, and mouse models of reproduction reflect frontier research in placental biology, ovarian function and fertility, non-coding RNAs in gametogenesis, oocyte and embryo metabolism, fertilization, cryopreservation, signal transduction pathways, chromatin dynamics, epigenetics, reproductive aging, and inflammation. Chapters on non-human primate models also highlight recent advancements into such issues as human in vitro fertilization (IVF) and assisted reproductive technologies (ART).This book offers animal scientists, reproductive biology scientists, clinicians and practitioners, invaluable insights into a wide range of issues at the forefront of human reproductive health. Zusammenfassung Our knowledge of reproductive biology has increased enormously in recent years on cellular, molecular, and genetic levels, leading to significant breakthroughs that have directly benefitted in vitro fertilization (IVF) and other assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in humans and animal systems. Inhaltsverzeichnis List of Contributors xv 1 Anatomy of the Reproductive System 1 Gheorghe M. Constantinescu 1.1 Male Genital Organs in Domestic Mammals 1 1.2 Female Genital Organs in Domestic Mammals 5 1.3 The Genital System in Domestic Mammals Species by Species 9 1.4 Genital Organs in Laboratory Mammals 35 References 56 2 Anatomy of Mammalian (Endocrine) Glands Controlling the Reproduction 59 Gheorghe M. Constantinescu 2.1 The Hypothalamus Including the Hypophysis 59 2.2 The Cerebral Epiphysis 61 2.3 The Thyroid Gland 61 2.4 The Adrenal Glands 62 2.5 The Sexual Glands 63 2.6 The Liver 63 References 63 3 Models for Investigating Placental Biology 65 Laramie Pence and Bhanu P. Telugu 3.1 Introduction 65 3.2 Classification of Placenta 66 3.3 Development of Human Placenta 69 3.4 Modeling Placental Development and Diseases of Placental Origin 73 3.5 Summary 82 References 82 4 Early Developmental Programming of the Ovarian Reserve, Ovarian Function, and Fertility 91 Francesca Mossa, Siobhàn W. Walsh, Alex C.O. Evans, Fermin Jimenez-Krassel, and James J. Ireland 4.1 Introduction 91 4.2 Impact of Prenatal Environmental Challenges on Fetal Oogonia (Germ Cells) 92 4.3 Impact of Prenatal Environmental Challenges on Fetal Follicle/Oocyte Numbers (Healthy versus Atretic) and Oocyte Quality 94 4.4 Impact of Prenatal Environmental Challenges on the Ovarian Reserve (Total Number of Morphologically Healthy Follicles/Oocytes in Ovaries) in Offspring 95 4.5 Impact of Prenatal Environmental Challenges on Ovarian Function (e.g., Pituitary Gonadotropin Secretion, Ovarian Hormone/Growth Factor Production, Response to Gonadotropins, Follicle Development, Irregular Reproductive Cycles, and Ovulation Rate) in Offspring 98 4.6 Impact of Prenatal Environmental Challenges on Fertility (as Measured by Conception Rates, Fecundity, or Age at Puberty or Menopause) in O...
