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Publication of the theoretical part of the work of August Boeckh, entitled Encyclopedia and Methodology of the Philological Sciences, fills a gap in philological studies in France. This work, published posthumously in 1877 (Teubner, Leipzig) by one of the disciplies of Boeckh, E. Bratuschek, has lost none of its timeliness. Boeckh himself, the most brilliant disciple of de Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher and the most universalist of the philologists of his time, considered his lessons on Encyclopedia and Methodology of the Philological Sciences to be 'his most personal and most important scientific work'.
The polemic between Gottfried Hermann and August Boeckh concerning the conception and the object of philology that followed the publication by Boeckh of the Corpus inscriptionum graecarum constitutes the intellectual background to the genesis of the work of Boeckh, who defines philology there as 'the knowledge of what is known', that is, as the 'recognition of a given element of knowledge'. The subdivision of the conception of philology into two parts, one of a formal nature, the other of a material nature, resolves it completely. The formal part includes the two inseparable moments of interpretation, that is, hermeneutic or 'absolute comprehension' and critique or 'relative comprehension'. The definition of philology as 'knowledge of what is known' holds good for the four fundamental types of hermeneutic (and of critique) that Boeckh differentiates, following his master, Fr. D. E. Schleiermacher: grammatical and historical interpretation, 'which interests itself in the objective conditions of what is communicated in a text', and individual and generic interpretation, 'which studies its subjective conditions of production'. The circularity of the task derives from the fact that the four types of interpretation (and of critique) constantly interfere with one another and mutually presuppose one another.
Boeckh pushes the universalization of hermeneutics even further than his master Schleiermacher, contributing in this way to the elaboration of a philosophical hermeneutic and opening the path to historicism.
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Marie-Dominique Richard travaille en tant que Chargée de recherche 1ère classe au C.N.R.S dans le Laboratoire d'Études sur les Monothéismes (Paris). Ses thèmes de recherche sont l'histoire de la tradition platonicienne, les théories de l'herméneutique au XIXe siècle en Allemagne et la pensée d'Edith Stein. M.-D. Richard a publié entre autres une étude sur l'Enseignement oral de Platon (Paris, Cerf, 1986, 22005), une traduction des Introductions de Fr. D. E. Schleiermacher aux Dialogues de Platon (2004) ainsi que d'un cycle de conférences d'Edith Stein sur le thème de La Femme (2008).
Marie-Dominique Richard works as 'Chargée de recherche 1ère Classe' at C.N.R.S. in the "Laboratoire d'Études sur les Monothéismes" (Paris). Her research topics include the history of the Platonic tradition, hermeneutic theories of the 19th century in Germany, and the thought of Edith Stein. M.-D. Richard's publications include a study on The Oral Teaching of Plato (Paris, Cerf, 1986, 22005) and a translation of Introductions of Fr. D. E. Schleiermacher to the Platonic Dialogues (2004), as well as a set of lectures by Edith Stein on the topic of The Woman (2008).
