Pathogenesis and Control - Principles of Virology

Principles of Virology, the leading virology textbook in use, is an extremely valuable and highly informative presentation of virology at the interface of modern cell biology and immunology. This text utilizes a uniquely rational approach by highlighting common principles and processes across all viruses. Using a set of representative viruses to illustrate the breadth of viral complexity, students are able to under-stand viral reproduction and pathogenesis and are equipped with the necessary tools for future encounters with new or understudied viruses.
This fifth edition was updated to keep pace with the ever-changing field of virology. In addition to the beloved full-color illustrations, video interviews with leading scientists, movies, and links to exciting blogposts on relevant topics, this edition includes study questions and active learning puzzles in each chapter, as well as short descriptions regarding the key messages of references of special interest.
Volume I: Molecular Biology focuses on the molecular processes of viral reproduction, from entry through release. Volume II: Pathogenesis and Control addresses the interplay between viruses and their host organisms, on both the micro- and macroscale, including chapters on public health, the immune response, vaccines and other antiviral strategies, viral evolution, and a brand new chapter on the therapeutic uses of viruses. These two volumes can be used for separate courses or together in a single course. Each includes a unique appendix, glossary, and links to internet resources.
Principles of Virology, Fifth Edition, is ideal for teaching the strategies by which all viruses reproduce, spread within a host, and are maintained within populations. This edition carefully reflects the results of extensive vetting and feedback received from course instructors and students, making this renowned textbook even more appropriate for undergraduate and graduate courses in virology, microbiology, and infectious diseases.

List of contents

Preface xvii
 
Acknowledgments xxi
 
About the Authors xxiii
 
Key of Repetitive Elements xxv
 
1 Infections of Populations: History and Epidemiology 2
 
Introduction to Viral Pathogenesis 3
 
A Brief History of Viral Pathogenesis 4
 
The Relationships among Microbes and the Diseases They Cause 4
 
The First Human Viruses Identified and the Role of Serendipity 5
 
New Methods Facilitate the Study of Viruses as Causes of Disease 7
 
Viral Epidemics in History 8
 
Epidemics Shaped History: the 1793 Yellow Fever Epidemic in Philadelphia 9
 
Tracking Epidemics by Sequencing: West Nile Virus Spread to the Western Hemisphere 10
 
Zoonotic Infections and Epidemics Caused by "New" Viruses 11
 
The Economic Toll of Viral Epidemics in Livestock 12
 
Population Density and World Travel Are Accelerators of Viral Transmission 12
 
Focus on Frontline Health Care: Ebolavirus in Africa 12
 
Emergence of a Birth Defect Associated with Infection: Zika Virus in Brazil 13
 
Epidemiology 14
 
Fundamental Concepts 14
 
Methods Used by Epidemiologists 17
 
Surveillance 17
 
Network Theory and Practical Applications 20
 
Parameters That Govern the Ability of a Virus to Infect a Population 20
 
Geography and Population Density 20
 
Climate 23
 
Perspectives 26
 
References 27
 
Study Questions 28
 
2 Barriers to Infection 30
 
Introduction 31
 
An Overview of Infection and Immunity 31
 
A Game of Chess Played by Masters 31
 
Initiating an Infection 33
 
Successful Infections Must Modulate or Bypass Host Defenses 34
 
Skin 34
 
Respiratory Tract 35
 
Alimentary Tract 38
 
Eyes 41
 
Urogenital Tract 42
 
Placenta 42
 
Viral Tropism 43
 
Accessibility of Viral Receptors 44
 
Other Host-Virus
 
Interactions That Regulate the Infectious Cycle 44
 
Spread throughout the Host 45
 
Hematogenous Spread 47
 
Neural Spread 50
 
Organ Invasion 51
 
Entry into Organs with Sinusoids 51
 
Entry into Organs That Lack Sinusoids 51
 
Organs with Dense Basement Membranes 53
 
Skin 53
 
Shedding of Virus Particles 54
 
Respiratory Secretions 54
 
Saliva 55
 
Feces 55
 
Blood 56
 
Urine 56
 
Semen 56
 
Milk 56
 
Skin Lesions 56
 
Tears 56
 
Perspectives 57
 
References 58
 
Study Questions 59
 
3 The Early Host Response: Cell Autonomous and Innate Immunity 60
 
Introduction 61
 
The First Critical Moments: How Do Individual Cells Detect a Virus Infection? 62
 
Cell Signaling Induced by Viral Entry Receptor Engagement 63
 
Receptor-Mediated Recognition of Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns 64
 
Cell-Intrinsic Defenses 70
 
Apoptosis (Programmed Cell Death) 70
 
Programmed Necrosis (Necroptosis) 75
 
Autophagy 77
 
Epigenetic Silencing 77
 
Host Proteins That Restrict Virus Reproduction (Restriction Factors) 79
 
RNA Interference 83
 
CRISPR 83
 
The Continuum between Intrinsic and Innate Immunity 83
 
Secreted Mediators of the Innate Immune Response 83
 
Overview of Cytokine Functions 85
 
Interferons, Cytokines of Early Warning and Action 86
 
Chemokines 94
 
The Innate Immune Response 96
 
Monocytes, Macrophages, and Dendritic Cells 97
 
Co

About the author

Jane Flint is Professor Emerita of Molecular Biology at Princeton University. Dr. Flint's research focused on investigation of the mechanisms by which viral gene products modulate host pathways and antiviral defenses to allow efficient reproduction in normal human cells of adenoviruses, viruses that are used in such therapeutic applications as gene transfer and cancer treatment.
 
Vincent R. Racaniello is Higgins Professor of Microbiology & Immunology at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons. Dr. Racaniello has been studying viruses for over 40 years, including polio- virus, rhinovirus, enteroviruses, hepatitis C virus, and Zika virus. He blogs about virus-es at virology.ws and is host of This Week in Virology.
 
Glenn F. Rall is a Professor and the Chief Academic Officer at the Fox Chase Cancer Center, and is an Adjunct Professor in the Microbiology and Immunology departments at the University of Pennsylvania, as well as Thomas Jefferson, Drexel, and Temple Universities. Dr. Rall studies viral infections of the brain and the immune responses to those infections, with the goal of defining how viruses contribute to disease.
 
Theodora Hatziioannou is a Research Associate Professor at Rockefeller University and is actively involved in teaching programs at Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Dr. Hatziioannou has worked on multiple viruses with a focus on retroviruses and the molecular mechanisms that govern virus tropism and on the improvement of animal models for human disease.
 
Anna Marie Skalka is a Professor Emerita and former Senior Vice President for Basic Research at the Fox Chase Cancer Center. Dr. Skalka is internationally recognized for her contributions to the understanding of the biochemical mechanisms by which retroviruses replicate and insert their genetic material into the host genome, as well as her research into other molecular aspects of retrovirus biology.

Summary

Principles of Virology, the leading virology textbook in use, is an extremely valuable and highly informative presentation of virology at the interface of modern cell biology and immunology. This text utilizes a uniquely rational approach by highlighting common principles and processes across all viruses. Using a set of representative viruses to illustrate the breadth of viral complexity, students are able to under-stand viral reproduction and pathogenesis and are equipped with the necessary tools for future encounters with new or understudied viruses.
This fifth edition was updated to keep pace with the ever-changing field of virology. In addition to the beloved full-color illustrations, video interviews with leading scientists, movies, and links to exciting blogposts on relevant topics, this edition includes study questions and active learning puzzles in each chapter, as well as short descriptions regarding the key messages of references of special interest.
Volume I: Molecular Biology focuses on the molecular processes of viral reproduction, from entry through release. Volume II: Pathogenesis and Control addresses the interplay between viruses and their host organisms, on both the micro- and macroscale, including chapters on public health, the immune response, vaccines and other antiviral strategies, viral evolution, and a brand new chapter on the therapeutic uses of viruses. These two volumes can be used for separate courses or together in a single course. Each includes a unique appendix, glossary, and links to internet resources.
Principles of Virology, Fifth Edition, is ideal for teaching the strategies by which all viruses reproduce, spread within a host, and are maintained within populations. This edition carefully reflects the results of extensive vetting and feedback received from course instructors and students, making this renowned textbook even more appropriate for undergraduate and graduate courses in virology, microbiology, and infectious diseases.

Product details

• Authors: S Jan Flint, S Jane Flint, S. Jane Flint, Theodora Hatziioannou, Vincent Racaniello, Vincent R Racaniello, Vincent R. Racaniello, Glenn F Rall, Glenn F. Rall, Anna Marie Skalka
• Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
• Languages: English
• Product format: Paperback / Softback
• Released: 31.10.2020
• EAN: 9781683672852
• ISBN: 978-1-68367-285-2
• Dimensions: 215 mm x 280 mm x 25 mm
• Series: The Teacher's Toolbox Series; ASM
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology; Mikrobiologie, Virologie, Life Sciences, Biowissenschaften, Pathogenese, Virology, Mikrobiologie u. Virologie, Microbiology & Virology