Read more
The Qur'an makes extensive use of older religious material, stories, and traditions that predate the origins of Islam, and there has long been a fierce debate about how this material found its way into the Qur'an. This unique book argues that this debate has largely been characterized by a failure to fully appreciate the Qur'an as a predominately oral product.
Using innovative computerized linguistic analysis, this study demonstrates that the Qur'an displays many of the signs of oral composition that have been found in other traditional literature. When one then combines these computerized results with other clues to the Qur'an's origins (such as the demonstrably oral culture that both predated and preceded the Qur'an, as well as the "folk memory" in the Islamic tradition that Muhammad was an oral performer) these multiple lines of evidence converge and point to the conclusion that large portions of the Qur'an need to be understood as being constructed live, in oral performance.
Combining historical, linguistic, and statistical analysis, much of it made possible for the first time due to new computerized tools developed specifically for this book, Bannister argues that the implications of orality have long been overlooked in studies of the Qur'an. By relocating the Islamic scripture firmly back into an oral context, one gains both a fresh appreciation of the Qur'an on its own terms, as well as a fresh understanding of how Muhammad used early religious traditions, retelling old tales afresh for a new audience.
List of contents
Chapter 1: The Qur'an and Narrative Biblicist Traditions
Chapter 2: The Narratival Roots of the Islamic Tradition
Chapter 3: The Development of Oral Literary Theory
Chapter 4: The Application of Oral-Formulaic Theory to Pre-Islamic Arabic Poetry
Chapter 5: Mapping the Landscape: A Computerised Formulaic Analysis of the Qur'anic Text
Chapter 6: Digging Deeper: Verse-Level Formulaic Analysis
Chapter 7: Searching for Formulaic Systems
Chapter 8: Iblis and Adam: A Comparative Application of Computerised and 'Manual' Methods of Formulaic Analysis to the Seven Retellings
Chapter 9: Conclusion: The Qur'an and Orality
Appendix: The Seven Iblis and Adam Stories and an English Translation
About the author
Andrew G. Bannister is adjunct research fellow at the Centre for the Study of Islam and Other Faiths, Melbourne School of Theology, and visiting lecturer at the Centre for Islamic Studies and Muslim-Christian Relations, London School of Theology.
Summary
This book uses innovative analysis of the Arabic text of the Qur’an to demonstrate that much of the Qur’an was composed live in oral performance, exploring the rich oral culture that preceded its formative period and showing that only by viewing it through an oral lens can one begin to properly understand the process by which it first coalesced.
