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Informationen zum Autor Adrian M. T. Linacre, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia Shanan S. Tobe, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK Klappentext DNA typing of non-human DNA is a fast developing area of research and professional practice. The application of DNA typing in wildlife forensic science is one of these prime uses of DNA typing and is gaining increasing profile. The use of DNA profiling in wildlife forensic science falls into two broad areas: species testing and genetic linkage. Species testing answers the question 'what species is this?' and genetic linkage answers the question 'did these two samples come from the same organism or population?' Wildlife DNA Analysis: Applications in Forensic Science provides an accessible introduction to both of these key areas. Clearly structured throughout, the introduction highlights the different types of crime where these techniques are regularly used. This chapter includes a discussion as to who performs forensic wildlife examinations, the standardisation and validation of methods, and the role of the expert witness in this type of alleged crime. This is followed by a detailed section on the science behind DNA typing including the problems in isolating DNA from trace material and subsequent genetic analysis are also covered. The book then undertakes a comprehensive review of species testing using DNA, including a step-by-step guide to sequence comparisons. A comparison of the different markers used in species testing highlights the criteria for a genetic marker. A full set of case histories illustrates the use of the different markers used. The book details the use of genetic markers to link two or more hairs/feather/leaves/needles to the same individual organism and the software used in population assignment. The problems and possibilities in isolating markers, along with the construction of allele databases are discussed in this chapter. The book concludes with evaluation and reporting of genetic evidence in wildlife forensic science illustrated by examples of witness statements. *An accessible introduction to this fast developing area of research within forensic science *Case studies throughout to link theory and practice and to highlight the use of DNA testing in species testing. *Covers both crimes against wildlife and offences where wildlife can provide vital evidence *Assumes only a basic background knowledge of DNA *Includes a comprehensive review of species testing using DNA, including a step-by-step guide to sequence comparisons Zusammenfassung This book is the first to approach the fast developing field of wildlife forensics with a focus on the application of DNA profiling and analysis. Case studies throughout link theory and practice and highlight the use of DNA testing in species testing. Inhaltsverzeichnis Foreword ix Preface xi About the Authors xiii Acknowledgements xv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Importance of wildlife forensic science investigations 1 1.2 Role of forensic science in wildlife crimes 3 1.3 Legislation covering wildlife crime 4 1.4 Role of non-human DNA in forensic science 8 1.5 Development of wildlife DNA testing 9 1.5.1 History and current state of wildlife DNA forensic science 10 1.5.2 Wildlife forensic science testing 11 1.5.3 Performing DNA typing in wildlife investigations 13 1.6 Accreditation and certification 14 1.7 Standardisation and validation 20 1.8 Collection of evidential material, continuity of evidence and transportation to the laboratory 24 1.9 Note taking and maintenance of a casefile 29 1.10 Case assessment and initial testing 30 1.11 Scope of book 32 Useful websites 32 References 33 2 DNA, Genomes and Genetic Variation 37 2.1 Introduction 37 2.2 The DNA molecule 37 2.3 Chromosomes and nuclear D...
