Indoor Radio Planning - A Practical Guide for Gsm, Dcs, Umts, Hspa and Lte

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Why is indoor coverage needed, and how it is best implemented? As the challenge of providing higher data speeds and quality for mobile applications intensifies, ensuring adequate in-building and tunnel coverage and capacity is increasingly important.
A unique, single-source reference on the theoretical and practical knowledge behind indoor and tunnel radio planning, Indoor Radio Planning, Second Edition provides an overview of mobile networks systems and coverage solutions with GSM, UMTS, HSPA and LTE cellular systems technologies as a backdrop.

All of the available solutions, from basic passive distributed antenna systems (DAS) through to advanced fiber optic systems supporting MIMO and LTE, are discussed in detail to give the reader a good understanding. In addition, there is a section covering multi-operator systems, as this becomes a more and more utilized approach. Systematically moving from the basic considerations through to advanced indoor planning, aspects such as upgrading passive DAS from 2G to 3G, noise analysis, link budgets, traffic calculations and software tools that can be used to help create in-building designs are also covered. Femtocells, outdoor DAS and tunnel radio planning are newly included in this edition.

- A new version of the bestseller, updated with an introduction to LTE and treatments of modulation principle, DAS systems for MIMO/LTE , designing repeater systems and elevator coverage
- Addresses the challenge of providing coverage inside train, and high speed rail
- Outlines the key parameters and metrics for designing DAS for GSM, DCS, UMTS, HSPA & LTE
- Essential reading for engineering and planning personnel at mobile operators, also giving a sound grounding in indoor radio planning for equipment manufacturers
- Written by a leading practitioner in the field with more than 20 years of practical experience

Sommario

Foreword by Professor Simon Saunders xv

Preface to the Second Edition xvii

This is Still Not a Book for Scientists! xvii

The Practical Approach xvii

Keep the Originals! xviii

Preface to the First Edition xix

This is Not a Book for Scientists xix

The Practical Approach xix

Acknowledgments xxi

Second Edition xxi

First Edition xxii

1. Introduction 1

2. Overview of Cellular Systems 5

2.1 Mobile Telephony 5

2.2 Introduction to GSM 10

2.3 Universal Mobile Telecommunication System 28

2.4 Introduction to HSPA 58

2.5 Modulation 69

2.6 Advanced Antenna Systems for HSPA + and LTE 75

2.7 Short Introduction to LTE 81

3. Indoor Radio Planning 101

3.1 Why is In-building Coverage Important? 101

3.2 Indoor Coverage from the Macro Layer 104

3.3 The Indoor UMTS/HSPA Challenge 107

3.4 Common UMTS Rollout Mistakes 112

3.5 The Basics of Indoor RF Planning 114

4. Distributed Antenna Systems 123

4.1 What Type of Distributed Antenna System is Best? 123

4.2 Passive Components 125

4.3 The Passive DAS 133

4.4 Active DAS 136

4.5 Hybrid Active DAS Solutions 145

4.6 Other Hybrid DAS Solutions 148

4.7 Indoor DAS for MIMO Applications 153

4.8 Using Repeaters for Indoor DAS Coverage 162

4.9 Repeaters for Rail Solutions 174

4.10 Designing with Pico and Femtocells 179

4.11 Active DAS Data 188

4.12 Electromagnetic Radiation, EMR 198

4.13 Conclusion 202

5. Designing Indoor DAS Solutions 203

5.1 The Indoor Planning Procedure 203

5.2 The RF Design Process 208

5.3 Designing the Optimum Indoor Solution 217

5.4 Indoor Design Strategy 236

5.5 Handover Considerations Inside Buildings 240

5.6 Elevator Coverage 244

5.7 Multioperator Systems 258

5.8 Co-existence Issues for GSM/UMTS 265

5.9 Co-existence Issues for UMTS/UMTS 267

5.10 Multioperator Requirements 270

6. Traffic Dimensioning 275

6.1 Erlang, the Traffic Measurement 275

7. Noise 295

7.1 Noise Fundamentals 295

7.2 Cascaded Noise 302

7.3 Noise Power 310

7.4 Noise Power from Parallel Systems 314

7.5 Noise Control 316

7.6 Updating a Passive DAS from 2G to 3G 317

8. The Link Budget 329

8.1 The Components and Calculations of the RF Link 329

9. Tools for Indoor Radio Planning 345

9.1 Live and Learn 345

9.2 Diagram Tools 346

9.3 Radio Survey Tools 347

9.4 The Simple Tools and Tips 347

9.5 Tools for Link Budget Calculations 348

9.6 Tools for Indoor Predications 348

9.7 The Advanced Toolkit (RF-vu from iBwave.com) 351

10. Optimizing the Radio Resource Management Parameters on Node B When Interfacing to an Active DAS, BDA, LNA or TMA 357

10.1 Introduction 357

10.2 Impact of DL Power Offset 359

10.3 Impact of Noise Power 362

10.4 Delay of the Active DAS 362

10.5 Impact of External Noise Power 363

11. Tunnel Radio Planning 367

11.1 The Typical Tunnel Solution 368

11.2 The Tunnel HO Zone 369

11.3 Covering Tunnels with Antennas 376

11.4 Radiating Cable Solutions 378

11.5 Tunnel Solutions, Cascaded BDAs 383

11.6 Tunnel Solutions, T-Systems 385

11.7 Handover Design inside Tunnels 390

11.8 Redundancy in Tunnel Coverage Solutions 396

11.9 Sector Strategy for Larger Metro Tunnel Projects 39911.10 RF Test Specifications of Tunnel Projects 404

11.11 Timing Issues in DAS for Tunnels 405

12. Covering Indoor Users From the Outdoor Network 413

12.1 The Challenges of Reaching Indoor Users From the Macro Network 413

12.2 Micro Cell Capacity 418

12.3 ODAS -Outdoor Distributed Antenna Systems 420

12.4 Digital Distribution of DAS 423

12.5 High Speed Rail Solutions 429

References 437

Appendix 439

Reference Material 439

Index 451

Info autore

Morten Tolstrup is the Director of TE Wireless Group, International Service& Solutions. Prior to working for LGC/ADC/TE he spent 13 years in a number of different engineering positions with a mobile operator in Denmark, mainly focusing on indoor RF planning, tunnels, Airports, Pico-cells and micro cells. Over the past 15 years Morten has presented more than 50 papers and workshops at conferences around the world.